本文選題：氮沉降 + 土壤微生物��； 參考：《環(huán)境科學(xué)》2016年09期

【摘要】：氮沉降雖可提升林地生產(chǎn)力卻會(huì)給環(huán)境造成壓力,而土壤微生物對(duì)環(huán)境變化敏感.通過(guò)野外模擬試驗(yàn),探討不同氮沉降量對(duì)馬尾松土壤微生物群落的影響,探索該區(qū)域馬尾松土壤微生物群落與土壤溫濕度、氮沉降濃度的關(guān)系,為深入研究氮沉降對(duì)馬尾松林土壤生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響提供參考.2014年5月~2015年6月在縉云山馬尾松林設(shè)置3個(gè)氮添加水平和一個(gè)無(wú)氮添加的對(duì)照處理:低氮[N20,20 g·(m~2·a)~(-1)]、中氮[N40,40 g·(m~2·a)~(-1)]、高氮[N60,60 g·(m~2·a)~(-1)]和對(duì)照[N0,0g·(m~2·a)~(-1)],采用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)標(biāo)記法和ACE(automated soil CO_2 exchange station,UK)自動(dòng)土壤呼吸監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)分別對(duì)土壤微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)、土壤溫度和土壤濕度進(jìn)行分析測(cè)定.結(jié)果表明:1季節(jié)變化對(duì)土壤細(xì)菌、真菌、放線菌及總PLFA量有顯著影響(P0.05),各類型均在春季最高,冬季最低.在不同季節(jié),土壤微生物量對(duì)氮沉降的響應(yīng)趨勢(shì)不同,總體而言,春季和秋季氮沉降抑制了土壤微生物量,夏季和冬季氮沉降促進(jìn)了土壤微生物量.2氮沉降對(duì)土壤微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)有顯著影響(P0.05),在春季和夏季,低、中氮沉降使土壤微生物豐富度指數(shù)和多樣性降低,使均勻度指數(shù)升高;在秋季和冬季,低氮和中氮?jiǎng)t使豐富度指數(shù)、多樣性指數(shù)及均勻度指數(shù)升高.高氮沉降使4個(gè)季節(jié)土壤微生物豐富度指數(shù)、多樣性指數(shù)和均勻度指數(shù)降低.3相關(guān)性分析表明,氮沉降濃度與細(xì)菌呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.01),與總PLFA呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.05);土壤溫度與放線菌呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān);土壤濕度與細(xì)菌和總PLFA呈極顯著正相關(guān).綜上所述,縉云山馬尾松林土壤微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)主要受土壤濕度和氮沉降的影響,受土壤溫度影響較小.
[Abstract]:Although nitrogen deposition can increase the productivity of forest land, it will put pressure on the environment, and soil microorganism is sensitive to environmental change. The effects of different nitrogen deposition on soil microbial communities of Pinus massoniana were studied through field simulation experiments, and the relationship between soil microbial communities and soil temperature, humidity and concentration of nitrogen deposition in this area was explored. In order to study the effect of nitrogen deposition on soil ecosystem of Pinus massoniana forest, from May 2014 to June 2015, three levels of nitrogen addition and one control treatment without nitrogen addition were set up in Pinus massoniana forest from May 2014 to June 2015: low nitrogen [N2020 g / m ~ (2 a) ~ (-1)], medium nitrogen The microbial community structure of soil was studied by ACE(automated soil CO_2 exchange (ACE(automated soil exchange station UKK) automatic soil respiration monitoring system (ACE(automated soil CO_2 exchange station UKK), [N40C 40 g / m ~ (2 a) ~ (-1)], N ~ (60 ~ (60) g / m ~ (-1)) and control [N _ 0 ~ (0 g) ~ (2) A ~ (1) ~ (-1))], and the results were as follows: (1) the soil microbial community structure was determined by ACE(automated soil CO_2 exchange station (UKK) automatic soil respiration monitoring system, and the results were compared with those of the control. Soil temperature and soil moisture were analyzed and measured. The results showed that the seasonal variation of 1 / 1 had a significant effect on soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and total PLFA contents, and all types were highest in spring and lowest in winter. In different seasons, the response of soil microbial biomass to nitrogen deposition was different. In general, nitrogen deposition inhibited soil microbial biomass in spring and autumn. Nitrogen deposition in summer and winter promoted soil microbial biomass .2 nitrogen deposition significantly affected soil microbial community structure. In spring and summer, low nitrogen deposition reduced soil microbial richness index and diversity, and increased evenness index. In autumn and winter, low and medium nitrogen increased the richness index, diversity index and evenness index. Soil microbial richness index, diversity index and evenness index decreased by 3. 3 correlation analysis with high nitrogen deposition. There was a very significant negative correlation between soil temperature and actinomycetes, and a very significant positive correlation between soil moisture and bacteria and total PLFA. To sum up, the soil microbial community structure of Pinus massoniana forest in Jinyun Mountain was mainly affected by soil moisture and nitrogen deposition, but not by soil temperature.
【作者單位】： 西南大學(xué)資源環(huán)境學(xué)院三峽庫(kù)區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;四川沃爾宜環(huán)�？萍加邢薰�;
【分類號(hào)】：X172

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