本文選題：生物質(zhì)炭　切入點(diǎn)：薺菜　出處：《江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)》2017年16期

【摘要】：利用控制性的大田試驗(yàn)栽培技術(shù),研究不同濃度生物質(zhì)炭[對(duì)照(CK,0)、低生物質(zhì)炭(LB,10 t/hm2)、中生物質(zhì)炭(MB,20 t/hm2)、高生物質(zhì)炭(HB,30 t/hm2)]對(duì)薺菜生長過程中根區(qū)土壤特性和微生物特性的影響。結(jié)果表明:薺菜根區(qū)土壤p H值、容重和全鹽含量隨生物質(zhì)炭濃度的增加呈逐漸降低趨勢,不同濃度生物質(zhì)炭處理下的薺菜根區(qū)土壤p H值、容重和全鹽含量均顯著低于對(duì)照(P0.05)。薺菜根區(qū)土壤養(yǎng)分和植株養(yǎng)分含量均隨生物質(zhì)炭濃度的增加呈先增加后降低的趨勢,MB濃度處理下,薺菜根區(qū)土壤養(yǎng)分和植株養(yǎng)分含量達(dá)到最大,不同濃度生物質(zhì)炭處理下的薺菜土壤養(yǎng)分和植株養(yǎng)分含量均顯著高于對(duì)照(P0.05)。薺菜根區(qū)土壤微生物數(shù)量以細(xì)菌最多(占微生物總數(shù)的90%以上),其次是放線菌,真菌最少,薺菜根區(qū)土壤細(xì)菌數(shù)量和放線菌數(shù)量隨生物質(zhì)炭濃度的增加呈先增加后降低的趨勢,MB濃度處理下,薺菜根區(qū)土壤細(xì)菌數(shù)量和放線菌數(shù)量最大且顯著高于對(duì)照,而生物質(zhì)炭卻顯著降低了薺菜根區(qū)土壤真菌數(shù)量,但總的來說,生物質(zhì)炭顯著增加了薺菜根區(qū)土壤微生物總數(shù)。薺菜根區(qū)土壤酶活性和微生物量均隨生物質(zhì)炭濃度的增加呈先增加后降低趨勢,MB濃度處理下,薺菜根區(qū)土壤養(yǎng)分和植株養(yǎng)分含量達(dá)到最大,不同濃度生物質(zhì)炭處理下的薺菜土壤酶活性和微生物量均顯著高于對(duì)照(P0.05)。以上研究結(jié)果表明,生物質(zhì)炭的施用促進(jìn)了薺菜根區(qū)土壤養(yǎng)分、微生物特性和酶活性的累積作用和改良土壤肥力作用,以中水平生物質(zhì)炭(MB)處理下效果最好,而高水平生物質(zhì)炭(HB)可能會(huì)有一定的抑制作用,這還與土壤類型、土壤肥力、植物種類和生態(tài)環(huán)境等密切相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:The results showed that the pH value, bulk density and total salt content of Shepherd purse root region decreased gradually with the increase of biomass carbon concentration. The pH value, bulk density and total salt content of shepherd's purse root area treated with different concentrations of biomass carbon were significantly lower than that of the control.The soil nutrient and plant nutrient content in Shepherd's purse root region increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of biomass carbon concentration. Under the treatment of MB concentration, the soil nutrient and plant nutrient content reached the maximum in Shepherd's purse root region.The soil nutrients and plant nutrient contents of different concentrations of biomass carbon treatment were significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05).In the root zone of Shepherd's purse, the number of soil microbes was the most (accounting for more than 90% of the total microbes), followed by actinomycetes and fungi.The number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes in Shepherd's purse root region increased first and then decreased with the increase of biomass carbon concentration. Under the treatment of MB concentration, the number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes in Shepherd's purse root region was the largest and significantly higher than that of the control.But biomass carbon significantly decreased the number of soil fungi in Shepherd's purse root zone, but in general, biomass carbon significantly increased the total number of soil microbes in Shepherd's purse root zone.The soil enzyme activity and microbial biomass increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of biomass carbon concentration, the soil nutrient and plant nutrient content reached the maximum in Shepherd's purse root region.The soil enzyme activity and microbial biomass of Shepherd purse were significantly higher than that of the control under different concentrations of biomass carbon.The results showed that the application of biomass carbon promoted the accumulation of soil nutrients, microbial characteristics and enzyme activities and improved soil fertility in the root zone of Shepherd's purse, and the best effect was under the treatment of medium level biomass carbon (MBB).The high level of biomass carbon (HBB) may have a certain inhibitory effect, which is also closely related to soil type, soil fertility, plant species and ecological environment.
【作者單位】： 宜賓學(xué)院化學(xué)與化工學(xué)院;
【基金】：四川省宜賓市重點(diǎn)科技計(jì)劃(編號(hào):2014SF044)
【分類號(hào)】：S141;S647

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