本文選題：新疆塔城　切入點(diǎn)：草原生態(tài)補(bǔ)償　出處：《石河子大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：草地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是中國(guó)面積最大的陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng),是維持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡的重要植被類型之一,同時(shí)也是部分少數(shù)民族生存和發(fā)展的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),在我國(guó)的國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和生態(tài)環(huán)境可持續(xù)中具有十分重要的作用。草原生態(tài)補(bǔ)償是一項(xiàng)具有戰(zhàn)略意義的政策,是國(guó)家為進(jìn)一步改善部分地區(qū)的草原生態(tài)環(huán)境而提出的,同時(shí)對(duì)促進(jìn)牧區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展有同等重要的意義,草原生態(tài)補(bǔ)償政策的實(shí)施,對(duì)一個(gè)國(guó)家的生態(tài)安全和經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展意義重大。以新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)塔城地區(qū)的草原生態(tài)補(bǔ)償為研究對(duì)象,以農(nóng)牧戶實(shí)地訪談?wù){(diào)查為基礎(chǔ),以政策實(shí)施前后農(nóng)牧戶的資本、行為和效用變化為比較,運(yùn)用模糊綜合分析的方法對(duì)塔城地區(qū)草原生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)淖匀毁Y本、物質(zhì)資本、金融資本、社會(huì)資本、人力資本、行為態(tài)度、行為意愿、行為響應(yīng)、經(jīng)濟(jì)效用、社會(huì)效用和生態(tài)效用這些準(zhǔn)則層所包括的23個(gè)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)分析研究,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)草原生態(tài)補(bǔ)償自實(shí)施以來(lái)的效益進(jìn)行了客觀評(píng)估。本文中所研究的草原生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)男б婕崔r(nóng)戶資本、行為和效用的變化情況。同時(shí),借鑒生態(tài)資本化理論、行為科學(xué)理論和計(jì)劃行為理論,闡明了草原生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)睦碚撘罁?jù),并就塔城草原生態(tài)補(bǔ)償所面臨的實(shí)際問題以及相關(guān)的政策與措施進(jìn)行了有益的探討與研究�；谖⒂^層面的草原生態(tài)補(bǔ)償效益研究,對(duì)塔城地區(qū)的草原生態(tài)建設(shè)有積極的影響,對(duì)農(nóng)牧民的生活水平提高、當(dāng)?shù)匦竽翗I(yè)的發(fā)展都有重要的意義。塔城地區(qū)草原生態(tài)補(bǔ)償存在的問題及解決方案,對(duì)新疆草原生態(tài)建設(shè)具有同等重要的意義。此外,對(duì)我國(guó)草原地區(qū)生態(tài)保護(hù)的順利進(jìn)行和草原功能區(qū)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償政策與機(jī)制的建立具有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Grassland ecosystem is the largest terrestrial ecosystem in China. It is one of the important vegetation types to maintain ecosystem balance, and it is also the material basis for the survival and development of some ethnic minorities.It plays an important role in the development of national economy and the sustainability of ecological environment.Grassland ecological compensation is a strategic policy, which is put forward by the state to further improve the grassland ecological environment in some areas, and it is equally important to promote the sustainable development of pastoral economy.The implementation of grassland ecological compensation policy is of great significance to a country's ecological security and sustainable economic development.Taking the grassland ecological compensation in the Tacheng area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region as the research object, based on the field interview and investigation of farmers and pastoralists, the paper compares the capital, behavior and utility changes of agricultural and pastoral households before and after the implementation of the policy.Using the method of fuzzy comprehensive analysis, the natural capital, material capital, financial capital, social capital, human capital, behavior attitude, behavior will, behavioral response, economic utility of grassland ecological compensation in Tacheng area are analyzed.The 23 indexes of social utility and ecological utility which are included in these criteria are systematically analyzed and studied. On this basis, the benefit of grassland ecological compensation since its implementation is evaluated objectively.The benefit of grassland ecological compensation in this paper is the change of peasant household capital, behavior and utility.At the same time, drawing lessons from ecological capitalization theory, behavioral science theory and planning behavior theory, the theoretical basis of grassland ecological compensation is expounded.The practical problems and relevant policies and measures of ecological compensation in Tacheng grassland are also discussed and studied.The study on the benefit of grassland ecological compensation based on micro level has a positive effect on grassland ecological construction in Tacheng area, and it is of great significance to the improvement of living standard of farmers and herdsmen and the development of local animal husbandry.The problems and solutions of grassland ecological compensation in Tacheng area are of equal significance to Xinjiang grassland ecological construction.In addition, it can be used for reference for the smooth progress of ecological protection in grassland areas and the establishment of ecological compensation policies and mechanisms in grassland functional areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F323.6;F323.212

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