發(fā)布時間：2018-03-09 08:42

  本文選題：北京　切入點(diǎn)：農(nóng)業(yè)大棚　出處：《環(huán)境科學(xué)研究》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：選取北京農(nóng)業(yè)種植的典型區(qū)域,使用高分辨率影像對2013年冬季、2014年夏季及2014年冬季的三期農(nóng)業(yè)大棚進(jìn)行了精細(xì)化提取,分析了污染物空間分布特征.在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過現(xiàn)場調(diào)查的方式獲取了蔬菜、瓜果、水果、花卉以及其他類五種不同種植類別農(nóng)業(yè)大棚的燃煤系數(shù),估算了北京市典型區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)大棚的燃煤散燒量及污染物排放量.結(jié)果表明:以面積為衡量指標(biāo),北京市農(nóng)業(yè)大棚主要集中在城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合部,南部區(qū)域量多面廣,而北部區(qū)域分布集中、規(guī)模較大,受城市擴(kuò)張影響,農(nóng)業(yè)大棚呈現(xiàn)重心向外轉(zhuǎn)移的變化趨勢.選取大興、通州、昌平以及海淀4個區(qū)作為典型區(qū),通過實(shí)地調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)其他類農(nóng)業(yè)大棚燃煤系數(shù)最大,達(dá)到15.0 kg/(m~2·a),瓜果、水果、蔬菜及花卉燃煤系數(shù)依次為8.2、3.5、3.4及1.7 kg/(m~2·a).北京典型區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)大棚燃煤量為3.4×10~4t,全市農(nóng)業(yè)大棚的燃煤總量約為5.2×10~4t.結(jié)合農(nóng)業(yè)大棚活動水平與污染物排放因子估算2014年北京市農(nóng)業(yè)大棚燃煤散燒的PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、NO_x及SO_2排放量分別為623.7、516.2、98.3及184.0 t.將2013—2014年冬季持續(xù)存在、夏季未被拆除的大棚定義為長期持續(xù)性大棚,核算發(fā)現(xiàn),長期持續(xù)性大棚PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、NO_x及SO_2排放量分別為399.7、482.9、76.1及142.5 t.
[Abstract]:The typical agricultural planting areas in Beijing were selected and the spatial distribution characteristics of pollutants were analyzed by using high-resolution images to extract the three periods of agricultural greenhouse in the winter of 2013, 2014 and 2014, respectively. The coal burning coefficients of vegetables, fruits, fruits, flowers and other kinds of agricultural greenhouse were obtained by field investigation. This paper estimates the amount of coal burning and pollutant emission of agricultural greenhouse in typical area of Beijing. The results show that the agricultural greenhouse in Beijing is mainly concentrated in the combination of urban and rural areas with a wide range of areas in the south. However, the northern region is concentrated in distribution, larger in scale, affected by urban expansion, and the agricultural greenhouse shows a changing trend of shifting the center of gravity outward. Four districts, namely, Daxing, Tongzhou, Changping and Haidian, are selected as typical areas. Through field investigation, it was found that the coal burning coefficient of other kinds of agricultural greenhouse was the highest, reaching 15.0 kg/(m~2 路a, melon and fruit, fruits, fruits, fruits, fruits, fruits, fruits, fruits and fruits, The coal burning coefficient of vegetables and flowers was 8.2 脳 10 ~ (4) and 1.7 kg/(m~2 路a 路a ~ (-1) respectively. The coal burning capacity of agricultural greenhouse in Beijing was 3.4 脳 10 ~ (4) t, and the total coal burning of agricultural greenhouse was about 5.2 脳 10 ~ (4) t. In 2014, the agriculture of Beijing was estimated according to the level of agricultural greenhouse activity and pollutant emission factor. In the industrial greenhouse, the emissions of SO_2 and PMS from the burning of coal are 623.7n516.2 / 98.3 and 184.0t, respectively, which will be continued in the winter of 2013-2014, and will be continued in the winter of 2013-2014, and the emission of the pollution is 623.7 / 516.2 / 98.3 and 184.0 / t, respectively. The greenhouse that has not been demolished in summer is defined as the long-lasting greenhouse. The accounting results show that the emission of SO_2 and SO_2 are 399.7t / 482.9m 76.1 and 142.5 t, respectively.
【作者單位】： 北京市環(huán)境保護(hù)監(jiān)測中心;大氣顆粒物監(jiān)測技術(shù)北京市重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：北京公益科技項(xiàng)目(Z161100001116013)
【分類號】：X712
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本文編號：1587804