發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-09 06:37

  本文選題：養(yǎng)殖廢水　切入點(diǎn)：反應(yīng)器啟動(dòng)　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：養(yǎng)殖廢水已成為我國城郊及農(nóng)村面源污染的主要來源之一,其主要污染物為有機(jī)物和氨氮。有效地去除養(yǎng)殖廢水中的有機(jī)物,減少氮素污染是我國水污染治理及水環(huán)境改善領(lǐng)域的重點(diǎn)研究方向�，F(xiàn)階段多采用生物法處理中高濃度的含氮有機(jī)廢水,且厭氧生物處理法是在無分子氧的條件下由不同功能的微生物菌群參與的生化處理過程。本研究采用厭氧序批式反應(yīng)器(ASBR),以模擬的養(yǎng)殖廢水為研究對象,在厭氧條件下,分別啟動(dòng)了甲烷化和厭氧氨氧化過程。對影響產(chǎn)甲烷和厭氧氨氧化過程的主要因素進(jìn)行分析,包括進(jìn)水方式、底物濃度、溫度、p H以及金屬離子濃度等,研究了兩段式ASBR工藝的啟動(dòng)條件和穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行過程。利用掃描電鏡分析了厭氧顆粒污泥的形態(tài)及微生物菌群特征,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下:(1)采用有效體積為2.5 L的ASBR,接種J市污水廠的濃縮池污泥,歷時(shí)50 d,實(shí)現(xiàn)了ASBR中產(chǎn)甲烷過程的快速啟動(dòng),并成功培養(yǎng)出產(chǎn)甲烷顆粒污泥。當(dāng)進(jìn)水有機(jī)物濃度為3000 mg/L時(shí),出水有機(jī)物濃度在80mg/L~100 mg/L之間,COD去除率接近95(4)。為保證ASBR反應(yīng)器的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,不斷調(diào)控運(yùn)行參數(shù),使反應(yīng)p H始終保持在7-7.5之間,溫度穩(wěn)定在35℃左右,并在厭氧反應(yīng)6 h~8 h后出水。(2)采用同樣的ASBR工藝,成功啟動(dòng)厭氧氨氧化。啟動(dòng)過程共分為四個(gè)階段:即污泥初期適應(yīng)階段(50 d),污泥表現(xiàn)厭氧氨氧化活性階段(50 d),污泥厭氧氨氧化活性提高階段(175 d)及厭氧氨氧化活性穩(wěn)定階段(75 d)。歷時(shí)350 d,培養(yǎng)出紅色(偏黃紅色)的厭氧氨氧化顆粒污泥。穩(wěn)態(tài)運(yùn)行時(shí),反應(yīng)器所能處理的氨氮和亞硝態(tài)氮濃度分別為240mg/L和320 mg/L,硝態(tài)氮的生成量為15 mg/L~20 mg/L,氨氮去除量、亞硝態(tài)氮去除量以及硝態(tài)氮的生成量之比接近1:1.32:0.26。整個(gè)反應(yīng)周期內(nèi),氨氮和亞硝態(tài)氮的去除率分別為92(4)和94(4)。(3)顆粒污泥的掃描電鏡顯示:1號(hào)ASBR的產(chǎn)甲烷顆粒污泥以甲烷絲菌和甲烷八疊球菌為主,且二者交叉分布,互營共生;2號(hào)ASBR的顆粒污泥主要以紅色的厭氧氨氧化菌為主,其直徑不足1?m,為球狀或卵狀結(jié)構(gòu)。(4)將啟動(dòng)成功的產(chǎn)甲烷過程和厭氧氨氧化過程結(jié)合,并保持模擬廢水在1號(hào)反應(yīng)器的水力停留時(shí)間為8 h,在2號(hào)反應(yīng)器的水力停留時(shí)間為12 h。當(dāng)進(jìn)水COD和NH4+-N濃度分別為1500 mg/L和120 mg/L時(shí),去除率分別接近95%和100%,實(shí)現(xiàn)了有機(jī)含氮廢水中COD和氨氮的高效去除。
[Abstract]:Aquaculture wastewater has become one of the main sources of non-point source pollution in suburbs and rural areas in China. The main pollutants are organic matter and ammonia nitrogen. Reducing nitrogen pollution is the key research direction in the field of water pollution control and water environment improvement in China. The anaerobic biological treatment was a biochemical process involving different functional microbes under the condition of no molecular oxygen. In this study, the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor was used to study the simulated culture wastewater under anaerobic conditions. The methanation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation processes were initiated, respectively. The main factors affecting methanogenesis and anaerobic ammonia oxidation were analyzed, including influent mode, substrate concentration, temperature pH and metal ion concentration, etc. The start-up conditions and stable operation process of two-stage ASBR process were studied. The morphology and microflora characteristics of anaerobic granular sludge were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The experimental results are as follows: (1) the rapid start of methanogenic process in ASBR was realized by inoculating sludge from the concentration tank of J city sewage treatment plant with ASBR of 2.5 L effective volume for 50 days. And the methane-producing granular sludge was successfully cultivated. When the influent organic concentration was 3 000 mg/L, the effluent organic matter concentration was between 80 mg / L ~ 100 mg/L and the COD removal rate was close to 95 ~ 4 ~ 4 ~ 0.In order to ensure the stable operation of the ASBR reactor, the operation parameters were continuously regulated. The reaction pH was kept between 7-7.5, and the temperature was stable at 35 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1587418