本文關(guān)鍵詞： 出口谷物 貿(mào)易壁壘 碳足跡 生命周期評價 低碳農(nóng)業(yè)　出處：《中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：氣候變化已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今社會普遍關(guān)注的問題,隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和國際貿(mào)易的逐步擴張,貿(mào)易過程產(chǎn)生的碳排放也逐漸得到重視。近年來,我國由于對外貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生的碳排放已經(jīng)占到了全國碳排放總量的四分之一左右。因此,對外貿(mào)易給我國帶來的碳排放不容忽視。隨著農(nóng)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,我國農(nóng)業(yè)種植規(guī)模不斷擴大,農(nóng)業(yè)田間耕作的機械化水平也在不斷提高。與此同時,農(nóng)業(yè)帶來的溫室氣體的排放問題也就日益嚴峻。農(nóng)業(yè)已經(jīng)成為溫室氣體排放的大戶,必須得到高度重視,這也促使了發(fā)展低碳農(nóng)業(yè)模式成為一種長期的勢在必行的全國低碳經(jīng)濟增長策略�；谝陨系拇蟊尘�,對我國出口產(chǎn)品制定碳足跡的核算標準,并對我國重要“高碳農(nóng)產(chǎn)品”的碳足跡進行核算顯得尤為重要。本文主要采用生命周期評價的方法核算了我國出口谷物的碳足跡。主要的研究內(nèi)容包括：(1)對碳足跡的概念以及國內(nèi)外的研究進展進行了綜述,重點評述了產(chǎn)品碳足跡的分析方法及評價標準。根據(jù)碳足跡的定義以及所要研究產(chǎn)品的特點選用PAS2050這一評價標準作為分析我國谷物碳足跡的主要方法。(2)以我國典型的谷物-大米、小麥及玉米為例,采用產(chǎn)品生周期評價的方法核算了我國主要谷物的碳足跡,分析了谷物生產(chǎn)過程各主要階段對谷物產(chǎn)品碳足跡的貢獻。(3)核算了我國主要出口谷物的碳足跡總量及其結(jié)構(gòu),并從生命周期過程的角度分析了我國出口谷物的碳足跡結(jié)構(gòu)以及碳轉(zhuǎn)移的路徑。(4)結(jié)合本文的研究結(jié)果,針對我國低碳農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展和如何應(yīng)對出口谷物低碳壁壘提出政策建議。并結(jié)合我國農(nóng)業(yè)的實際生產(chǎn)過程提出改進建議,為實現(xiàn)我國低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展和環(huán)境外交談判提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the gradual expansion of international trade, the carbon emissions from the trade process have been paid more and more attention. China's carbon emissions due to foreign trade have already accounted for about 1/4 of the total national carbon emissions. Therefore, the carbon emissions brought to China by foreign trade can not be ignored. With the rapid development of agriculture, The scale of agricultural cultivation in China is expanding, and the mechanization of agricultural farming is also increasing. At the same time, the problem of greenhouse gas emissions brought by agriculture is becoming increasingly serious. Agriculture has become a major producer of greenhouse gas emissions. The development of low-carbon agriculture model has become a long-term national low-carbon economic growth strategy. Based on the above background, the accounting standard of carbon footprint is established for our export products. It is very important to calculate the carbon footprint of our country's important "high carbon agricultural products". This paper mainly uses the method of life cycle evaluation to calculate the carbon footprint of Chinese export cereals. The main research contents include: 1) carbon foot. The concept of trace and the research progress at home and abroad are reviewed. According to the definition of carbon footprint and the characteristics of products to be studied, PAS2050 is chosen as the main method to analyze the carbon footprint of grain in China. Type type cereals-rice, The carbon footprint of main cereals in China was calculated by using the method of product life cycle evaluation for example wheat and corn. The contribution of grain production process to the carbon footprint of grain products was analyzed. The total carbon footprint and its structure of China's main export cereals were calculated. From the point of view of life cycle process, the carbon footprint structure and the path of carbon transfer of grain export in China are analyzed. In view of the development of low-carbon agriculture in China and how to deal with the low carbon barrier of grain export, this paper puts forward some suggestions for improving the development of low-carbon agriculture and environmental diplomacy negotiation in the light of the actual production process of agriculture in China, which provides a scientific basis for the development of low-carbon agriculture in China and for the negotiation of environmental diplomacy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S181;F752.62

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