發(fā)布時間：2018-02-25 06:06

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 自然帶 植物生活型 海拔梯度 氣候因子 主控因素　出處：《土壤學報》2017年03期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：植物生活型、地形及區(qū)域氣候特征等對土壤養(yǎng)分的空間分布有著重要的影響。通過對我國典型自然帶土壤氮磷化學計量與植物生活型、地形及氣候因素間相互關(guān)系的研究,探討了我國土壤氮磷的空間變異與分布特征及其主要控制因素。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),5個自然帶的土壤全氮(TN)和氮磷比(N/P)存在顯著差異(p0.01);除溫帶荒漠帶較低(0.47 mg g~(-1))外,土壤全磷(TP)均值總體變化不明顯(p0.05)。在不同自然帶區(qū)域內(nèi),TN、TP及N/P變化與海拔、溫度及降水呈現(xiàn)出顯著的線性和非線性二次相關(guān),即表現(xiàn)出線性與單峰模式。暖溫帶落葉闊葉林帶、溫帶草原帶、溫帶荒漠帶森林土壤中TN,以及青藏高原高寒植被帶草本土壤中TP、溫帶荒漠帶森林土壤的N/P主要受海拔因素的影響,而溫帶草原帶草本植物的土壤TP則主要受降水的影響。同時,研究還發(fā)現(xiàn),在多要素共同作用時,其影響程度也略有差異,溫度和海拔作為控制因素影響亞熱帶常綠闊葉林帶森林和溫帶草原帶草本土壤TN變化,但前者受溫度控制更為明顯,后者則以海拔為主要驅(qū)動因素,而溫帶荒漠帶草本土壤和森林土壤的TN主要受海拔和降水作用的影響,但以降水影響為主;亞熱帶常綠闊葉林帶森林土壤TP,溫帶草原帶、溫帶荒漠帶和青藏高原高寒植被帶草本土壤的N/P受植物生活型、地形及氣候的共同影響,但程度略有不同,其中TP表現(xiàn)為降水溫度海拔,而N/P為溫度海拔降水。因此,在自然帶和植物生活型的主控背景下,海拔、溫度和降水的主控或交互作用直接驅(qū)動土壤氮磷及其化學計量特征的空間分異。
[Abstract]:Plant life forms, topography and regional climatic characteristics play an important role in the spatial distribution of soil nutrients. The relationships between soil nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry and plant life types, topography and climatic factors in typical natural zones of China are studied. The spatial variation and distribution characteristics of soil nitrogen and phosphorus in China and their main controlling factors were discussed. The results showed that there were significant differences in total nitrogen (TNN) and N / P ratio (N / P) among the five natural zones, except for the temperate desert zone (0.47 mg / g ~ (-1)). The total change of TPP in soil was not obvious (p 0.05). The changes of TNTP and N / P in different natural zones showed significant linear and nonlinear quadratic correlation with altitude, temperature and precipitation, that is, linear and single peak patterns, and deciduous broad-leaved forests in warm temperate zone. TNN in temperate steppe, temperate desert forest soil, TPin in herbaceous soil of alpine vegetation belt of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, and N / P in temperate desert forest soil are mainly affected by elevation factors. However, the soil TP of herbaceous plants in temperate steppe zone is mainly affected by precipitation. Temperature and altitude were used as controlling factors to influence the change of TN in forest and herbaceous soil of subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest and temperate steppe, but the former was more obviously controlled by temperature, while the latter was mainly driven by altitude. The TN of herbaceous soil and forest soil in temperate desert zone is mainly affected by elevation and precipitation, but mainly by precipitation. The N / P of herbaceous soil in temperate desert zone and alpine vegetation belt of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is influenced by plant life type, topography and climate, but the degree is slightly different. TP shows precipitation temperature and altitude, and N / P is temperature altitude precipitation. Under the background of natural belt and plant life type, the main or interactive effects of altitude, temperature and precipitation directly drive the spatial differentiation of soil nitrogen and phosphorus and their stoichiometric characteristics.
【作者單位】： 云南師范大學高原湖泊生態(tài)與全球變化實驗室;云南省高原地理過程與環(huán)境變化重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(41461015) 云南省中青年學術(shù)技術(shù)帶頭人后備人才項目(2015HB029) 云南省水利廳項目(2014003)聯(lián)合資助~~
【分類號】：S151.95

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本文編號：1533265