本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于van Genuchten模型的渭北蘋果園土壤水分能量特征分析　出處：《農(nóng)業(yè)工程學報》2016年19期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 土壤 水分 果園 van Genuchten模型 水吸力 土壤水分特征曲線 渭北旱塬

【摘要】：針對渭北地區(qū)干旱缺水,果樹生長發(fā)育受限的客觀實際,開展了蘋果樹生育期0~150 cm土壤水吸力動態(tài)變化規(guī)律研究。依據(jù)渭北果園土壤剖面構(gòu)型,將離心機法與水汽平衡法相結(jié)合,按照發(fā)生學土層,逐層測定了供試土壤水分特征曲線,并用van Genuchten模型擬合。基于該模型,將在幼齡果園、老齡果園以及農(nóng)田定期逐層監(jiān)測的土壤水分含量轉(zhuǎn)化為土壤水吸力,以農(nóng)田為對照,評價植果條件下土壤水分的脅迫狀況。結(jié)果表明,van Genuchten模型能很好地擬合渭北果園耕層、農(nóng)田耕層、黑壚土層及黃土母質(zhì)層的水分特征曲線,擬合精度均達0.96以上。渭北地區(qū)農(nóng)田受干旱脅迫較嚴重,3月中旬-7月初,0~100 cm土層均處于水吸力高于3.98的重度脅迫狀態(tài);受植被冠層覆蓋及果樹生育期的影響,干旱對果樹的脅迫程度較農(nóng)田小,對老齡果園脅迫程度比對幼齡果園的大,幼齡果園在3月中旬-5月初、5月底-7月初僅0~20 cm土層為高水吸力區(qū),直至6月中旬-7月中旬高水吸力區(qū)才延伸到40~70 cm土層;老齡果園在3月中旬-4月底的0~40 cm土層、5月底-7月中旬的30~100 cm土層和7月中旬-8月底的0~20 cm土層為高水吸力區(qū)�？傻贸�,渭北不同園齡蘋果園在不同生育期的不同深度土層會間歇性地出現(xiàn)高水吸力的土壤水分脅迫區(qū),但相對于農(nóng)田而言,果園受到的干旱脅迫相對較輕,渭北地區(qū)植果有助于緩解干旱脅迫。
[Abstract]:In view of the objective reality of drought and water shortage and limited growth and development of fruit trees in Weibei region, the dynamic changes of soil water suction in 0 ~ 150cm soil during the growth period of apple trees were studied, according to the soil profile configuration of Weibei orchard. Combining centrifuge method with water vapor equilibrium method, the characteristic curves of soil moisture were measured layer by layer according to the phylogenetic soil layer, and fitted with van Genuchten model. The soil moisture content in young orchard, old orchard and farmland was transformed into soil water suction. The soil water stress was evaluated under the condition of fruit planting. The van Genuchten model can fit well the water characteristic curves of the cultivated layer of Weibei orchard, the cultivated layer of farmland, the layer of black loessial soil and the layer of loess parent material. The fitting accuracy was above 0.96.The farmland in Weibei area was seriously under drought stress, and the soil layer of 0 ~ 100cm was in the condition of water suction higher than 3.98 from middle of March to early July. Under the influence of canopy cover and growth period of fruit trees, drought had less stress on fruit trees than on farmland, and greater stress on old orchard than on young orchard. Young orchard was from middle of March to early May. From the end of May to the beginning of July, the soil layer of 0 ~ 20 cm is the high water suction area, and the high water suction area from middle of June to middle of July does not extend to the 400-70 cm soil layer. The aged orchard was in the 0 ~ (40 cm) soil layer at the end of middle of March ~ April. The soil layer of 30 ~ 100cm from May to middle of July and 0 ~ 20cm from middle of July to August is a high water suction zone. The apple orchard of different orchard ages in Weibei periodically appeared high water suction soil water stress area in different depth soil layer of different growth period, but the drought stress of orchard was relatively light compared with farmland. Planting fruit in Weibei area is helpful to alleviate drought stress.
【作者單位】： 西北農(nóng)林科技大學資源環(huán)境學院;陜西省土地工程建設(shè)集團;西北大學城市與環(huán)境學院;
【分類號】：S152.7
【正文快照】： 張露,王益權(quán),韓霽昌,石宗琳,焦彩強,龐國偉.基于van Genuchten模型的渭北蘋果園土壤水分能量特征分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)工程學報,2016,32(19):120-126.doi:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.19.017 http://www.tcsae.orgZhang Lu,Wang Yiquan,Han Jichang,Shi Zonglin,Jiao Caiqiang,Pan，

本文編號：1375779