本文選題：云狀空化　切入點(diǎn)：流體動(dòng)力　出處：《船舶力學(xué)》2016年Z1期

【摘要】：基于高速全流場(chǎng)顯示和動(dòng)態(tài)壓力測(cè)量技術(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)了非定�？栈昭ㄐ螒B(tài)和壁面壓力的同步測(cè)量。采用該方法,同步觀察和測(cè)量了收縮—擴(kuò)張流道內(nèi)云狀空化形態(tài)的準(zhǔn)周期性變化及其對(duì)應(yīng)的壁面壓力波動(dòng)特性,分析了壓力信號(hào)頻譜,討論了非定�？昭ㄐ螒B(tài)變化和壁面壓力波動(dòng)的關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明:擴(kuò)張段內(nèi)云狀空穴的發(fā)展過程呈現(xiàn)出附著型空穴生長(zhǎng),附著型空穴斷裂、脫落以及脫落型空穴聚合、生長(zhǎng)、潰滅的準(zhǔn)周期過程。壁面壓力波動(dòng)的主導(dǎo)頻率約為21 Hz,對(duì)應(yīng)附著型空穴的準(zhǔn)周期生長(zhǎng)、斷裂和大尺度脫落型空穴生長(zhǎng)、潰滅;次級(jí)頻率約為42Hz,對(duì)應(yīng)小尺度脫落型空穴非定常變化。同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)空穴變化和壓力波動(dòng)存在如下關(guān)系:在附著型空穴的生長(zhǎng)階段,其空穴前部穩(wěn)定附著區(qū)域的壓力波動(dòng)較小,其尾部非穩(wěn)定區(qū)域的壓力波動(dòng)較大;當(dāng)附著型空穴發(fā)展至最大長(zhǎng)度時(shí),其尾部空泡的非定常波動(dòng)會(huì)使得相應(yīng)區(qū)域壓力波動(dòng)更加劇烈。伴隨著反向射流的發(fā)展,附著型空穴斷裂、脫落產(chǎn)生許多小尺度脫落型空穴,其生長(zhǎng)、潰滅等非定常變化會(huì)使得相應(yīng)區(qū)域的壓力波動(dòng)變得復(fù)雜。小尺度脫落型空穴逐漸聚合、生長(zhǎng)形成單一的大尺度脫落型空穴,伴隨著其不斷的向下游移動(dòng),相關(guān)區(qū)域被其覆蓋時(shí)壓力波動(dòng)減小,脫離其覆蓋或者經(jīng)歷其潰滅過程時(shí)壓力波動(dòng)顯著增大。
[Abstract]:Based on high speed full flow field display and dynamic pressure measurement, the unsteady cavitation cavity shape and wall pressure are measured synchronously.By using this method, the quasi-periodic variation of cloud cavitation and its corresponding wall pressure fluctuation characteristics in the contract-expansion channel are observed and measured synchronously. The pressure signal spectrum is analyzed.The relationship between unsteady cavity morphology and wall pressure fluctuation is discussed.The results show that the development process of cloud holes in the expansion section shows a quasi-periodic process of attachment hole growth, adherent hole fracture, shedding and abscission hole aggregation, growth and collapse.The dominant frequency of the wall pressure fluctuation is about 21 Hz, which corresponds to the quasi-periodic growth of the attached hole, the growth and collapse of the fracture and the large scale shedding hole, and the secondary frequency is about 42 Hz, corresponding to the unsteady variation of the small scale shedding hole.At the same time, the relationship between hole variation and pressure fluctuation is found as follows: in the growth stage of the attached hole, the pressure fluctuation of the stable attachment region in the front part of the hole is small, and the pressure fluctuation in the unstable region of the tail hole is larger;When the attached cavity reaches the maximum length, the unsteady fluctuation of the tail cavitation will make the pressure fluctuation in the corresponding region more intense.With the development of the reverse jet, the attached hole breaks and the shedding produces a lot of small scale shedding holes. The unsteady changes such as growth and collapse will make the pressure fluctuation in the corresponding region more complicated.The small scale shedding holes gradually converge and grow into a single large scale shedding hole. Along with its continuous movement downstream the pressure fluctuation decreases when the relevant area is covered by it.The pressure fluctuation increases significantly when it is removed from its coverage or experienced its collapse process.
【作者單位】： 北京理工大學(xué)機(jī)械與車輛學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51209004);國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(11172040)
【分類號(hào)】：O35

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