發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-18 20:38

【摘要】：隨著煤炭資源開采強(qiáng)度的提高，特厚煤層的開采已經(jīng)在全國許多地區(qū)紛紛展開，但是在山西的大同、朔州、淮南、江蘇的徐州（如張集煤礦）、山東的棗莊（如山家林煤礦）等很多礦區(qū)都出現(xiàn)了煌斑巖順層大面積侵入煤巖層的現(xiàn)象。其中以塔山礦區(qū)尤為突出，煌斑巖的侵入不僅導(dǎo)致局部煤層的性質(zhì)發(fā)生了物理化學(xué)變化，使煤的價(jià)值降低，更為重要的是煌斑巖的侵入導(dǎo)致井下各種巷道的布置、回采方式、頂?shù)装宓木S護(hù)方式都發(fā)生了很大的變化。比如在塔山礦8102工作面，由于煌斑巖的侵入，按傳統(tǒng)的礦壓理論選取的支架工作阻力提高到13000KN后仍發(fā)生多次壓架現(xiàn)象。同時(shí)在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)中發(fā)現(xiàn)，地下水會(huì)導(dǎo)致煌斑巖的強(qiáng)度有明顯的降低，而煌斑巖的強(qiáng)度對(duì)覆巖運(yùn)移有很大的影響。對(duì)于這種特殊地質(zhì)條件下的特厚煤層綜放開采，尚沒有成熟的理論作指導(dǎo)，也沒有現(xiàn)成的經(jīng)驗(yàn)可借鑒，因此急需相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)理論指導(dǎo)生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐。聲發(fā)射技術(shù)能很好的監(jiān)測(cè)煤礦堅(jiān)硬頂板穩(wěn)定性，通過聲發(fā)射特征來預(yù)報(bào)來壓情況及動(dòng)力災(zāi)害。但是，目前這方面的研究成果很少。因此，研究遇水前后煌斑巖聲發(fā)射特性及其對(duì)特厚煤層綜放開采覆巖運(yùn)移的影響很有意義。 本文以大同塔山礦煌斑巖侵入條件下特厚煤層綜放開采作為研究背景，從采場(chǎng)覆巖移動(dòng)規(guī)律著手，通過力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)和聲發(fā)射實(shí)驗(yàn)，對(duì)三種不同含水狀態(tài)煌斑巖的力學(xué)特性和聲發(fā)射特征進(jìn)行研究，通過物理相似模擬與數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法對(duì)遇水前后煌斑巖層狀侵入條件下特厚煤層綜放開采的采場(chǎng)覆巖移動(dòng)變形規(guī)律進(jìn)行了研究，具體研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： （1）通過對(duì)煌斑巖進(jìn)行常規(guī)單軸壓縮條件下的聲發(fā)射試驗(yàn)，分析煌斑巖的聲發(fā)射特征；通過三種含水狀態(tài)煌斑巖在單軸循環(huán)加卸載過程中的聲發(fā)射實(shí)驗(yàn)，分析聲發(fā)射各參數(shù)與應(yīng)力應(yīng)變的關(guān)系，分析煌斑巖聲發(fā)射Felicity效應(yīng)，分析水對(duì)煌斑巖的聲發(fā)射特征的影響。研究表明水對(duì)煌斑巖的力學(xué)性質(zhì)、聲發(fā)射特性、Felicity效應(yīng)都有一定的影響。 （2）通過物理相似模擬試驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)研究，分析遇水前后兩種狀態(tài)煌斑巖層狀侵入條件下特厚煤層綜放開采上覆巖層的垮落特征。結(jié)果表明自然狀態(tài)煌斑巖侵入條件下開采到88.5m時(shí)發(fā)生初次來壓，周期來壓步距約為13.5m~16.5m；遇水煌斑巖侵入條件下開采到50m時(shí)發(fā)生初次來壓，周期來壓步距約為8m~10m。 （3）通過UDEC數(shù)值模擬，分析遇水前后兩種狀態(tài)煌斑巖層狀侵入條件下特厚煤層綜放開采上覆巖應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律、移動(dòng)變形規(guī)律與巖層垮落特征。結(jié)果表明煌斑巖遇水之后，初次來壓步距減小，，工作面推進(jìn)相同的距離，支承應(yīng)力的峰值變大。 （4）根據(jù)上述相似模擬分析與數(shù)值模擬的結(jié)果，分析煌斑巖層狀侵入條件下特厚煤層綜放開采上覆巖層移動(dòng)變形的力學(xué)特性，建立煌斑巖層狀大面積侵入條件下特厚煤層綜放開采上覆控制層運(yùn)移的力學(xué)模型。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of coal resources mining intensity, the mining of extra thick coal seams has been carried out in many areas of the country, but in Datong, Shuozhou, Huainan and Xuzhou in Jiangsu Province (such as Zhangji Coal Mine), In Zaozhuang (such as Shanjialin Coal Mine) in Shandong Province, there is a large area invasion of lamprophyre bedding into coal strata. Especially in Tashan mining area, lamprophyre intrusion not only leads to physical and chemical changes in the properties of local coal seams and reduces the value of coal, but also leads to the layout and mining mode of various underground roadway caused by lamprophyre intrusion. Great changes have taken place in the maintenance mode of the top and bottom plate. For example, in 8102 working face of Tashan Mine, due to the invasion of lamprophyre, the working resistance of the support selected according to the traditional mine pressure theory is increased to 13000KN. At the same time, it is found that groundwater will lead to a significant decrease in the strength of lamprophyres, and the strength of lamprophyres has a great influence on the migration of overlying rocks. There is no mature theory and ready-made experience to guide the fully mechanized caving mining of ultra-thick coal seam under this special geological condition, so it is urgent to guide the production practice with the relevant basic theory. Acoustic emission technology can monitor the stability of hard roof in coal mine, and predict the pressure and dynamic disasters through the characteristics of acoustic emission. However, at present, there are few research results in this field. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the acoustic emission characteristics of lamprophyre before and after water encounter and its influence on overlying rock migration in fully mechanized top coal caving mining in ultra-thick coal seam. In this paper, based on the research background of fully mechanized top coal caving mining in ultra-thick coal seam under the condition of overlying rock intrusion in Datong Tashan Mine, starting from the movement law of overlying rock in stope, the mechanical experiment and acoustic emission experiment are carried out. The mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of three different water-bearing lamprophyres were studied. The movement and deformation of overlying rock in fully mechanized caving mining of super thick coal seam under the condition of lamprophyre rock intrusion before and after water encounter is studied by means of physical similarity simulation and numerical simulation. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) through the acoustic emission test of lamprophyre under conventional uniaxial compression, the acoustic emission characteristics of lamprophyre are analyzed; Based on the acoustic emission experiments of three kinds of water-bearing lamprophyres during uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading, the relationship between acoustic emission parameters and stress and strain is analyzed, the Felicity effect of lamprophyre acoustic emission is analyzed, and the influence of water on the acoustic emission characteristics of lamprophyres is analyzed. The results show that water has certain effects on the mechanical properties, acoustic emission characteristics and Felicity effect of lamprophyres. (2) through the basic research of physical similarity simulation test, the collapse characteristics of overlying strata in ultra-thick coal seam under the condition of lamprophyre rock intrusion before and after water encounter are analyzed. The results show that the first pressure occurs when the lamprophyre intrusions in the natural state reach 88.5m, and the periodic pressure step distance is about 13.5 m 鈮

本文編號(hào)：2480319