【摘要】：底鼓是一種極為普遍的巷道變形現(xiàn)象，直接關(guān)系到巷道安全和煤炭生產(chǎn)。對采動巷道底鼓機(jī)制及控制技術(shù)的研究是采礦業(yè)一個(gè)重要的課題，許多專家學(xué)者也做了很多的深入研究，并獲得了大量的結(jié)論和成果。然而，基于巷道狀況和應(yīng)力環(huán)境具有復(fù)雜多變的特性，這些理論和成果不能夠充分解決巷道底鼓的問題。除此之外，傳統(tǒng)的底鼓控制措施主要集中在巷道的兩幫或頂板進(jìn)行，至于底板及角部對底鼓的影響相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)卻并不充分�；诖耍疚囊哉拇迕旱V21材料巷道為研究背景，運(yùn)用實(shí)地考察、理論分析、數(shù)值模型相結(jié)合的手段探討了采動影響下煤層巷道的底鼓機(jī)理及其防治對策。本文主要內(nèi)容如下： （1）運(yùn)用巖石力學(xué)、土力學(xué)、彈塑性力學(xué)等相關(guān)理論分析了采動巷道的底鼓機(jī)制及力學(xué)特性； （2）對漳村煤礦材料巷道的工程地質(zhì)情況進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場調(diào)研，并通過現(xiàn)場觀測以及漳村煤礦已有資料得到巷道變形情況和彈性模量、泊松比、抗壓強(qiáng)度等物理力學(xué)參數(shù)； （3）研究分析漳村煤礦材料巷道底鼓的主要因素，包括應(yīng)力狀態(tài)、圍巖性質(zhì)、水理性質(zhì)、支護(hù)強(qiáng)度等，得出此巷道為擠壓流動性底鼓；從理論上對巷道的情況進(jìn)行分析，得知圍巖性質(zhì)、支護(hù)方法和采動所引起的支承應(yīng)力是底鼓主要原因，應(yīng)主要側(cè)重這三方面來控制底鼓； （4）基于對漳村煤礦材料巷道底鼓機(jī)理的研究，在現(xiàn)有支護(hù)基礎(chǔ)上提出三種防治對策：①定向水力壓裂巷道頂板②定向水力壓裂巷道頂板+錨桿加固底板和底角③錨桿加固底板和底角，并運(yùn)用Flac3D數(shù)值模擬軟件對現(xiàn)有支護(hù)及三種方案下的巷道變形分別進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬，從彈塑性區(qū)域分布、應(yīng)力分布和位移分布三個(gè)角度對模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析，對比三種支護(hù)方案的優(yōu)劣。
[Abstract]:Bottom heave is a very common phenomenon of roadway deformation, which is directly related to roadway safety and coal production. The research on the mechanism and control technology of mining roadway bottom heave is an important subject in mining industry. Many experts and scholars have also done a lot of in-depth research, and have obtained a lot of conclusions and results. However, based on the complex and changeable characteristics of roadway condition and stress environment, these theories and achievements can not fully solve the problem of roadway bottom heave. In addition, the traditional bottom drum control measures mainly focus on the two sides of the roadway or roof, as for the bottom plate and the corner of the influence of the bottom drum experience is not sufficient. Based on this, this paper takes 21 material roadway in Zhangcun Coal Mine as the research background, and discusses the bottom heave mechanism and prevention countermeasures of coal seam roadway under the influence of mining by means of field investigation, theoretical analysis and numerical model. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) using rock mechanics, soil mechanics, elasto-plastic mechanics and other related theories to analyze the mechanism and mechanical characteristics of floor bulging of mining roadway; (2) the engineering geological conditions of the material roadway in Zhangcun Coal Mine are investigated on the spot, and the physical and mechanical parameters such as deformation and elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, compressive strength and so on are obtained through the field observation and the existing data of Zhangcun Coal Mine. (3) the main factors of bottom heave of material roadway in Zhangcun Coal Mine are studied and analyzed, including stress state, surrounding rock property, hydraulic property, support strength and so on. Based on the theoretical analysis of the situation of roadway, it is found that the nature of surrounding rock, the supporting method and the supporting stress caused by mining are the main reasons for the bottom heave, and these three aspects should be mainly emphasized to control the bottom heave. (4) based on the study of the mechanism of bottom heave of material roadway in Zhangcun Coal Mine, On the basis of the existing support, three preventive measures are put forward: (1) Roof of directional hydraulic fracturing roadway (Roof) and (2) Roof of directional hydraulic fracturing roadway (Roof) and 3 anchors (bottom angle) to reinforce the floor and bottom angle, And using Flac3D numerical simulation software to carry on the numerical simulation to the existing support and the tunnel deformation under the three kinds of schemes separately, from the elasto-plastic area distribution, the stress distribution and the displacement distribution to carry on the analysis to the simulation result. The advantages and disadvantages of the three support schemes are compared.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD327.3

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