【摘要】：棗泉煤礦變角度大傾角煤層120210綜放工作面受煤層傾角變化影響,導(dǎo)致工作面“支架-圍巖”系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性差,頂板管理困難,常規(guī)的放煤工藝難以實現(xiàn)工作面的安全高效生產(chǎn)。通過對變角度大傾角煤層綜放工作面覆巖運移、應(yīng)力分布及支架穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行研究,提出了該類工作面開采圍巖穩(wěn)定性控制原則,對拓展大傾角煤層綜放開采技術(shù)的應(yīng)用空間具有重要的意義。本文采用物理相似模擬實驗、數(shù)值分析、現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測、理論分析相結(jié)合的研究方法,研究了變角度大傾角煤層綜放工作面頂板運移、頂煤的破壞,分析了工作面礦壓顯現(xiàn)、支架穩(wěn)定性分區(qū)域的原因,結(jié)果表明:變角度大傾角煤層綜放工作面開采過程中,沿工作面傾向頂板運移具有分區(qū)域性的特征,工作面上部區(qū)域傾角小,直接頂垮落的矸石停留在原地,基本頂以“懸臂梁”結(jié)構(gòu)的形式發(fā)生破斷運動,頂板形成結(jié)構(gòu)的層位基本相同,表現(xiàn)為緩傾斜煤層開采覆巖運移的特點;下部區(qū)域傾角大,頂板垮落的矸石沿底板滑移充填采空區(qū),垮落形態(tài)向中部區(qū)域與下部過渡位置偏移,表現(xiàn)為大傾角煤層開采覆巖運移的特點;中部區(qū)域是上、下部區(qū)域角度的過渡段,覆巖的運移既有大傾角開采覆巖運移的特點又有傾斜煤層的特點,是兩者轉(zhuǎn)換的關(guān)鍵區(qū)域,特別是中部與下部過渡位置矸石對頂板的約束較弱,頂板破斷后形成的結(jié)構(gòu)層位較高是頂板活動的活躍區(qū)。工作面頂板運移的分區(qū)域性導(dǎo)致煤壁前方支承壓力的分布不同,造成頂煤的破壞程度出現(xiàn)了差異,中部區(qū)域與下部、上部過渡位置支承壓力分布范圍及峰值較其它區(qū)域大,并在頂板運動的作用下頂煤過早的進(jìn)入散體狀態(tài),導(dǎo)致支架的穩(wěn)定性差;頂煤進(jìn)入支架后方被放出,上部區(qū)域煤矸分界面呈對稱的漏斗,中、下部區(qū)域煤矸分界面不再對稱,軸線發(fā)生了向上的偏移。棗泉煤礦120210工作面礦壓顯現(xiàn)及支架穩(wěn)定特征反應(yīng)了覆巖運移的分區(qū)域性,根據(jù)工作面不同區(qū)域的特征,提出大傾角煤層變角度綜放工作面開采圍巖控制原則:上部區(qū)域是工作面實現(xiàn)安全高效生產(chǎn)的主體,下部區(qū)域支架的穩(wěn)定性控制是工作面整體穩(wěn)定性的基礎(chǔ),中部區(qū)域是實現(xiàn)工作面安全高效生產(chǎn)與系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定協(xié)調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)換的關(guān)鍵。
[Abstract]:The 120210 fully mechanized caving face with variable angle and large dip angle in Zaoquan Coal Mine is affected by the change of coal seam dip angle, which leads to the poor stability of the "support-surrounding rock" system in the working face, the difficulty of roof management, and the difficulty of realizing the safe and efficient production of the working face by the conventional coal caving technology. Based on the study of overlying rock migration, stress distribution and support stability in fully mechanized top coal caving face with variable angle and large dip angle, the stability control principle of surrounding rock in this kind of working face is put forward. It is of great significance to expand the application space of fully mechanized caving mining technology in large dip coal seam. In this paper, by using the research methods of physical similarity simulation experiment, numerical analysis, field monitoring and theoretical analysis, the roof migration and top coal failure in fully mechanized top coal caving face with variable angle and large dip angle are studied, and the mine pressure appearance in working face is analyzed. The reasons for the stability of the support are as follows: in the mining process of fully mechanized top coal caving face with variable angle and large dip angle, the migration along the inclined roof of the working face has the characteristics of regionalization, and the dip angle of the upper part of the working face is small. The gangue falling directly from the roof stays in place, and the basic top breaks in the form of "cantilever beam" structure, and the horizon of the roof formation structure is basically the same, which shows the characteristics of overlying rock migration in gently inclined coal seam mining. The dip angle of the lower area is large, the gangue falling from the roof slips along the floor to fill the goaf, and the collapse pattern shifts to the middle area and the lower part, which shows the characteristics of overlying rock migration in the mining of high dip coal seam. The central region is the transition section of the angle between the upper and lower regions. The migration of overlying rock has the characteristics of both overlying rock migration and inclined coal seam with large dip angle, which is the key area of the conversion between the two. Especially, the gangue in the middle and lower transition position is weak to the roof, and the higher structural horizon formed after the roof fracture is the active area of roof movement. The zoning of roof migration in working face leads to the different distribution of supporting pressure in front of coal wall, resulting in differences in the damage degree of top coal. The distribution range and peak value of supporting pressure in the middle and lower parts and the upper transition position are larger than those in other areas. Under the action of roof movement, the top coal enters the bulk state prematurely, which leads to the poor stability of the support. When the top coal enters the rear of the support, the coal gangue interface in the upper area is symmetrical funnel, and the coal gangue interface in the middle and lower part is no longer symmetrical, and the axis shifts upward. The characteristics of rock pressure behavior and support stability in face 120210 of Zaoquan Coal Mine reflect the regionalization of overburden migration, and according to the characteristics of different areas of the face, The control principle of surrounding rock in fully mechanized caving face with variable angle in large inclination coal seam is put forward: the upper area is the main body of the safe and efficient production of the working face, and the stability control of the lower regional support is the foundation of the overall stability of the working face. The central area is the key to realize the safe and efficient production of the working face and the stable and coordinated transformation of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TD325

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本文編號：2473026