【摘要】：針對(duì)該難選輝鉬礦中粘土礦物和石膏含量多的特點(diǎn),以浮選溶液化學(xué)特性為研究的切入點(diǎn),研究難選輝鉬礦的浮選行為。通過(guò)輝鉬礦和高嶺石的單礦物浮選試驗(yàn)以及輝鉬礦-高嶺石的人工混合礦物浮選試驗(yàn),研究不同的溶液化學(xué)環(huán)境對(duì)二者浮選行為的影響。結(jié)合動(dòng)電位測(cè)量、表面潤(rùn)濕性測(cè)定、吸附量測(cè)量等手段,研究不同的溶液化學(xué)環(huán)境對(duì)礦物的表面性質(zhì)、顆粒與藥劑間作用以及顆粒間相互作用的影響。論文得出以下結(jié)論:單礦物浮選試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:在煤油浮選體系中,酸性和中性條件下,輝鉬礦表現(xiàn)出較好的可浮性。礦漿中石膏的存在不利于輝鉬礦的浮選,且隨著p~(2+)H的增大,影響逐漸增大。在輝鉬礦-高嶺石的人工混合礦物浮選試驗(yàn)中,高嶺石罩蓋夾帶現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,石膏的加入,不僅會(huì)影響輝鉬礦的浮選,還加劇了這種現(xiàn)象,精礦的品位和回收率進(jìn)一步降低,降低礦漿的p~(2+)H值有利于浮選效果的提高。三種調(diào)整劑,六偏磷酸鈉、水玻璃和碳酸鈉對(duì)于改善礦漿的環(huán)境,提高浮選效果有一定的作用。輝鉬礦的疏水性隨著p~(2+)H的增加逐漸降低。結(jié)合礦物的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)分析,以及加入石膏后輝鉬礦的表面動(dòng)電位、表面潤(rùn)濕性和Ca~(2+)吸附量的變化規(guī)律可以知道,石膏溶解產(chǎn)生Ca~(2+)會(huì)與輝鉬礦表面的MoO_4~(2-)發(fā)生作用,改變輝鉬礦的表面性質(zhì),光電子能譜法(XPS)的測(cè)試結(jié)果也印證了這一點(diǎn)。降低溶液的p~(2+)H值有利于減輕石膏帶來(lái)的影響。由擴(kuò)展的DLVO理論的計(jì)算可知:pH=6時(shí),在浮選體系下,當(dāng)加入石膏時(shí),石膏溶解產(chǎn)生的Ca~(2+)壓縮了輝鉬礦和高嶺石表面的雙電層,兩顆粒間更容易相互吸引。表面動(dòng)電位的測(cè)量結(jié)果也印證了這一點(diǎn)。確定兩段磨礦,一次粗選八次精選的實(shí)驗(yàn)室浮選機(jī)浮選流程,降低精選段的p~(2+)H值有利于浮選效果的提高,通過(guò)浮選開(kāi)路試驗(yàn),當(dāng)精選段p~(2+)H值為6-7時(shí),可以使最終精礦品位達(dá)到48.05%,回收率為36.32%。
[Abstract]:In view of the high content of clay minerals and gypsum in the refractory molybdite, the flotation behavior of the refractory molybdite is studied on the basis of the chemical properties of the flotation solution. The effects of different solution chemical environment on the flotation behavior of molybdite and kaolinite were studied by single mineral flotation test and artificial mixed mineral flotation test of molybdite and kaolinite. Combined with potentiometric measurement, surface wettability measurement and adsorption capacity measurement, the effects of different solution chemical environments on the surface properties of minerals, the interaction between particles and agents, and the interaction between particles were studied. The results of single mineral flotation test show that molybdite exhibits good floatability under acidic and neutral conditions in kerosene flotation system. The presence of gypsum in slurry is not conducive to the flotation of molybdite, and with the increase of p2 H, the influence increases gradually. In the flotation test of molybdite-kaolinite mixed minerals, the inclusion of Gaolinite cover is serious, and the addition of gypsum will not only affect the flotation of molybdite, but also aggravate the phenomenon, and the grade and recovery of concentrate will be further reduced. The reduction of P ~ (2) H value of slurry is beneficial to the improvement of flotation effect. Three regulators, sodium hexametaphosphate, water glass and sodium carbonate, play a certain role in improving the environment of the pulp and improving the flotation effect. The hydrophobicity of molybdite decreases with the increase of P ~ (2) H. According to the crystal structure analysis of minerals and the surface dynamic potential, surface wettability and Ca~ (2) adsorption capacity of molybdite after adding gypsum, we can know the change rule. The dissolution of gypsum to produce Ca~ (2) will react with MoO_4~ (2 -) on the surface of molybdite and change the surface properties of molybdite, which is also confirmed by the results of (XPS) measurement by photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Decreasing the P ~ (2) H value of the solution is beneficial to reduce the effect of gypsum. From the calculation of the extended DLVO theory, it can be seen that in the flotation system of pH=6, when gypsum is added, the Ca~ (2) produced by gypsum dissolution compresses the double layer on the surface of molybdite and kaolinite, which makes it easier to attract each other between the two particles. This is also confirmed by the measurement of the surface dynamic potential. The flotation flow of laboratory flotation machine with two grinding stages and eight roughing stages is determined, and the reduction of the p2 H value of the cleaning section is beneficial to the improvement of flotation effect. Through the flotation open circuit test, when the p2 H value of the concentrate section is 6-7, the flotation effect is improved. The final concentrate grade can reach 48.05% and the recovery rate is 36.32%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD923

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