【摘要】：重力異常分離是重力數(shù)據(jù)處理的重要步驟,能夠比較準(zhǔn)確地提取我們希望的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造(或者礦體)引起的局部異常,一是能為下一步處理和解釋起到事半功倍的效果,二是提高解釋的正確性。小波變換是近年來較為熱門的一種處理方法,廣泛應(yīng)用于各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。本文介紹了小波變換和多分辨率分析的原理,利用Mallat算法,通過迭代實(shí)現(xiàn)對信號的不同頻率的提取,最后可以得到各階細(xì)節(jié)和逼近信號來描述各頻率的異常成分。使用小波多分辨率分析能夠利用局部異常和區(qū)域異常在頻率域中的特點(diǎn),在高頻處細(xì)分,突出細(xì)節(jié),在低頻處粗分,突出趨勢。本文設(shè)計(jì)建立了重力密度模型,計(jì)算得到了重力異常數(shù)據(jù)。通過應(yīng)用多分辨率分析的方法,對二維重力異常進(jìn)行分離提取,驗(yàn)證了常用小波在局部重力異常提取中的效果,利用小波逼近得到區(qū)域重力異常,通過與布格重力異常作差得到局部重力異常。同時(shí)用趨勢面法對模型數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,通過對比發(fā)現(xiàn)小波多分辨率分析理論的優(yōu)越性,即小波多分辨率可以分析提取重力疊加異常中不同深度的異常。然后將小波多分辨率分析的方法應(yīng)用在四川某銅礦工作區(qū)和西藏某鉻鐵礦工作區(qū)的重力數(shù)據(jù)處理中,通過對布格重力異常進(jìn)行多分辨率分析,劃出了礦體的靶區(qū),并與已知鉆孔信息進(jìn)行對比,驗(yàn)證結(jié)果有效。
[Abstract]:Gravity anomaly separation is an important step in gravity data processing, which can extract the local anomalies caused by geological structure (or orebody) we hope more accurately. First, it can get twice the result with half the effort for the next processing and interpretation. The second is to improve the accuracy of interpretation. Wavelet transform is a popular processing method in recent years, which is widely used in various fields. In this paper, the principle of wavelet transform and multi-resolution analysis is introduced. By using the Mallat algorithm, the different frequencies of the signal can be extracted iteratively. Finally, the detail of each order and the approximate signal can be obtained to describe the abnormal components of each frequency. Wavelet multi-resolution analysis can make use of the characteristics of local anomaly and regional anomaly in the frequency domain, subdivide at high frequency, highlight the detail, coarse divide at low frequency, highlight the trend. In this paper, the gravity density model is established and the gravity anomaly data are calculated. By using the method of multi-resolution analysis, the two-dimensional gravity anomaly is separated and extracted, and the effect of the common wavelet in the local gravity anomaly extraction is verified, and the regional gravity anomaly is obtained by using wavelet approximation. The local gravity anomaly is obtained by the difference with the Bouguer gravity anomaly. At the same time, the trend surface method is used to analyze the model data. Through the comparison, it is found that the wavelet multi-resolution analysis theory is superior, that is, wavelet multi-resolution analysis can analyze and extract the anomalies of different depths from gravity stack anomalies. Then the wavelet multi-resolution analysis method is applied to the gravity data processing in a copper mine working area in Sichuan and a chromite working area in Tibet. Through the multi-resolution analysis of Bouguer gravity anomaly, the target area of the orebody is delineated. The results are proved to be effective by comparing with the known borehole information.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.1

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本文編號：2451523