【摘要】：露天開采作為礦產(chǎn)資源產(chǎn)出的一種主要開采方式,在為國民經(jīng)濟做出巨大貢獻的同時,也對環(huán)境造成了很大的破壞,其邊坡形狀和穩(wěn)定性直接影響著礦山的安全生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)濟效益。傳統(tǒng)邊坡理論不考慮邊坡的時效性,設計固定的邊坡角度,雖然在一定程度上保證了露天礦邊坡的安全,但是其保守的設計理念,造成了資源的較大浪費。研究從邊坡時效性入手,對邊坡進行理論分析和數(shù)值模擬試驗,根據(jù)露天礦邊坡監(jiān)測需求,給出時效邊坡自動化監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)建議。研究的主要內(nèi)容和成果包含以下幾個方面:(1)結(jié)合露天礦邊坡穩(wěn)定性理論和時間序列法開展露天礦邊坡的時效性理論研究,基于邊坡強度參數(shù)的時效性數(shù)據(jù),給出邊坡巖土體參數(shù)時間序列分析算例,得到參數(shù)的時間序列動態(tài)預測公式;同時基于極限平衡法推導出帶時間因子的時效邊坡穩(wěn)定性計算公式,并綜合分析影響時效邊坡穩(wěn)定性的主要因素,給出時效邊坡上緩下陡形狀的設計建議。(2)應用有限差分法數(shù)值模擬軟件FLAC 3D及相應的強度折減法程序求解計算傳統(tǒng)邊坡和賦時效性參數(shù)值的傳統(tǒng)邊坡模型,提出傳統(tǒng)邊坡設計坡面角過于保守的觀點;設計時效參數(shù)下合理邊坡角度值確定的數(shù)值模擬試驗,通過計算擬合得到時效參數(shù)條件下坡面角與安全系數(shù)的關系式,確定時效參數(shù)和固定安全系數(shù)下的合理邊坡坡面角,從而確定時效邊坡的形狀和數(shù)值模擬模型。對比分析傳統(tǒng)邊坡和時效邊坡的數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果和綜合性能,得到時效邊坡穩(wěn)定性可以達到傳統(tǒng)邊坡設計要求的同時,還可以減小剝采比,改善礦山經(jīng)濟效益的結(jié)論。(3)研究分析時效邊坡自動化監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的方案設計和系統(tǒng)開發(fā),從確定系統(tǒng)需求著手,確定系統(tǒng)的功能需求和系統(tǒng)總體框架;研究確定邊坡監(jiān)測項目,并根據(jù)時效邊坡理論和數(shù)值計算結(jié)論進行合理的設備選型和布置;對比確定監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸和處理的方法,以及邊坡安全預警的實現(xiàn)方式;基于LabVIEW軟件和數(shù)據(jù)庫技術(shù),對時效邊坡自動化監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)進行設計和開發(fā),系統(tǒng)包括系統(tǒng)登錄及用戶管理模塊、數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊、數(shù)據(jù)分析與預警模塊和數(shù)據(jù)存儲管理模塊,該監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的搭建和實踐能夠為露天礦時效邊坡穩(wěn)定性監(jiān)測提供參考。
[Abstract]:As a main mining method of the output of mineral resources, the open-pit mining has caused great damage to the environment while making a great contribution to the national economy, and the shape and stability of the slope directly affect the safety production and economic benefit of the mine. The traditional side slope theory does not take into account the timeliness of the side slope, and the slope angle of the fixed slope is designed, although the safety of the open-pit slope is guaranteed to a certain extent, the conservative design idea of the slope is a great waste of resources. Based on the time-effectiveness of the slope, the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation test of the slope are carried out, and the recommendations of the automatic monitoring system for the time-time slope are given according to the requirements of the slope monitoring of the open-pit mine. The main contents and achievements of the study include the following aspects: (1) The time-effectiveness theory of the slope of the open-pit mine is carried out in combination with the slope stability theory and time series method of the open-pit mine, and the time series analysis of the parameter time series of the side slope is given based on the time-effectiveness data of the slope strength parameter. The time series dynamic prediction formula of the parameters is obtained; meanwhile, the formula for calculating the stability of the aging slope with the time factor is derived based on the limit equilibrium method, and the main factors influencing the stability of the aging slope are comprehensively analyzed, and the design proposal of the slow down and steep shape of the aging slope is given. (2) Using the finite difference method, the numerical simulation software FLAC 3D and the corresponding intensity-fold subtraction program are used to solve the traditional side slope model for calculating the traditional side slope and the time-sensitive parameter value, and the point that the traditional slope design slope angle is too conservative is put forward; According to the numerical simulation test of the reasonable slope angle value under the design aging parameter, the relationship between the slope angle and the safety factor of the aging parameter condition is obtained by calculating the fitting, and the reasonable side slope angle of the aging parameter and the fixed safety factor is determined, So as to determine the shape and the numerical simulation model of the aging slope. By comparing the numerical simulation results and the comprehensive performance of the traditional side slope and the time-time slope, the stability of the time-effective side slope can reach the requirements of the traditional slope design, the stripping ratio can be reduced, and the economic benefit of the mine can be improved. (3) The design and the system development of the automatic monitoring system for the time-time slope are studied, the functional requirements of the system and the overall framework of the system are determined from the requirements of the system, and the slope monitoring project is determined. The method of data transmission and treatment of the monitoring system and the implementation of the safety early warning of the side slope are compared and the method of the data transmission and treatment of the monitoring system and the implementation of the safety early warning of the slope are compared, and based on the software of LabVIEW and the database technology, the system comprises a system login and user management module, a data acquisition module, a data analysis and early warning module and a data storage management module, The construction and practice of the monitoring system can provide a reference for the stability monitoring of the time-effective slope of the open-pit mine.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD76;TD804

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本文編號：2451519