基于價值鏈的中型煤炭企業(yè)商業(yè)模式創(chuàng)新研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-31 16:50
【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟體制改革的進一步深化,煤炭行業(yè)的市場化改革也不斷向前推進。2009年12月,國家發(fā)展和改革委員會發(fā)布《國家發(fā)展改革委關(guān)于完善煤炭產(chǎn)運需銜接工作的指導(dǎo)意見》,取消了建國以來一直沿用的帶有計劃經(jīng)濟色彩的年度煤炭訂貨會,煤炭行業(yè)完全進入市場化。2012年,為解決東南沿海城市電廠煤炭供應(yīng)短缺,鼓勵國外煤炭進口以彌補供應(yīng)不足,全面取消了煤炭進口關(guān)稅。由于國內(nèi)煤炭企業(yè)還處于計劃經(jīng)濟模式的慣性運行之中,面對強大的競爭對手毫無警覺,致使國外煤炭迅速以價格優(yōu)勢擠占了國內(nèi)煤炭市場,煤炭價格出現(xiàn)斷崖式下跌,企業(yè)盈利狀況嚴(yán)重惡化。截至2015年,全國70%的煤礦被迫停產(chǎn),80%以上的煤炭企業(yè)出現(xiàn)虧損,煤炭行業(yè)整體深陷經(jīng)營困境,接近全面崩盤。在煤炭企業(yè)已經(jīng)采取各種措施仍無法擺脫生存危機的情況下,政府主管部門采取了一系列限制國內(nèi)產(chǎn)能與國外煤炭進口的政策措施,幫助煤炭企業(yè)走出困境。2016年5月,解困政策開始見效,煤炭市場由原來的供過于求轉(zhuǎn)為供不應(yīng)求,煤炭銷售價格和銷售量開始回升。但是這種現(xiàn)象只是政策效應(yīng)結(jié)果,既不是市場的真正復(fù)蘇,也不是競爭格局發(fā)生了改變,作為煤炭行業(yè)構(gòu)成主體的中型煤炭企業(yè),如何能夠真正走出困境進入良性運營狀態(tài),仍是政府、學(xué)者和企業(yè)亟待破解的難題。在此環(huán)境背景下,論文以鄂爾多斯中型煤炭企業(yè)作為研究對象,深入研究了中型煤炭企業(yè)陷入經(jīng)營困境的根本原因,從基于價值鏈的商業(yè)模式創(chuàng)新角度為鄂爾多斯中型煤炭企業(yè)提供了一些走出困境的可行思路與方法。首先是采用文獻研究法對國內(nèi)外相關(guān)理論進行了研究歸納和總結(jié),對部分理論概念進行了修訂,形成了對基于價值鏈的商業(yè)模式創(chuàng)新內(nèi)涵的明確定義。即:“基于價值鏈優(yōu)化的商業(yè)模式創(chuàng)新是對企業(yè)資源結(jié)構(gòu)和價值鏈流程關(guān)系的變更或重組”。其次是使用實證研究法及定性和定量相結(jié)合的方法,對鄂爾多斯中型煤炭企業(yè)進行了深度剖析,找出其困境根源在于鄂爾多斯中型煤炭企業(yè)數(shù)十年來一直沿用的傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)經(jīng)營模式已難以繼續(xù)維持煤炭企業(yè)的生存。最后的研究結(jié)論認為,只有通過商業(yè)模式的創(chuàng)新才能夠使中型煤炭企業(yè)脫離困境,只有通過價值鏈的重組才能夠全面提升企業(yè)的價值創(chuàng)造能力與經(jīng)營活力,實現(xiàn)企業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the further deepening of the reform of the economic system, the market-oriented reform of the coal industry is also moving forward. In December 2009, The State Development and Reform Commission issued the National Development and Reform Commission's guiding opinion on how to improve the convergence of coal production and transportation needs, cancelling the annual coal ordering meeting with the color of planned economy that has been in use since the founding of the people's Republic of China. The coal industry is fully market-oriented. In 2012, in order to solve the shortage of coal supply in power plants in southeastern coastal cities, foreign coal imports were encouraged to make up for the shortage of supply, and import duties on coal imports were completely abolished. As domestic coal enterprises are still in the inertia of the planned economy mode, and faced with strong competitors without vigilance, foreign coal quickly overruns the domestic coal market with a price advantage, and the coal price drops precipitously. The profit situation of enterprises has deteriorated seriously. By 2015, 70 percent of the country's coal mines had been shut down, more than 80 percent of coal companies had lost money, and the industry as a whole was in deep trouble and close to a full-blown collapse. At a time when coal companies have taken various measures to survive the crisis, government authorities have adopted a series of policy measures to limit domestic production capacity and foreign coal imports to help coal enterprises out of their predicament. The relief policy began to bear fruit, the coal market from the original supply oversupply to demand more than supply, coal sales prices and sales began to rebound. However, this phenomenon is only the result of policy effect, neither the real recovery of the market nor the change of the competition pattern. As the main body of the coal industry, how can the medium-sized coal enterprises, as the main body of the coal industry, really get out of the predicament and enter the benign operation state? It is still a difficult problem for the government, scholars and enterprises to solve. Under this environment background, the paper takes Ordos medium-sized coal enterprise as the research object, deeply studies the fundamental reason why the medium-sized coal enterprise is in the trouble of management. From the perspective of business model innovation based on value chain, this paper provides some feasible ideas and methods for Ordos medium-sized coal enterprises to get out of difficulties. First of all, literature research method is used to study and summarize the relevant theories at home and abroad, and some theoretical concepts are revised to form a clear definition of the connotation of business model innovation based on the value chain. That is: "Business model innovation based on value chain optimization is the change or reorganization of the relationship between enterprise resource structure and value chain process." Secondly, using the method of empirical research and the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the paper makes a deep analysis of the medium-sized coal enterprises in Ordos. To find out the root of its predicament lies in the fact that the traditional industrial management mode which has been used for decades by the medium coal enterprises in Ordos is no longer able to maintain the survival of the coal enterprises. Finally, the conclusion is that only through the innovation of business model can the medium-sized coal enterprises get out of the predicament, and only through the reorganization of the value chain can the value creation ability and management vitality of the enterprises be comprehensively enhanced. To realize the sustainable development of enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.21
[Abstract]:With the further deepening of the reform of the economic system, the market-oriented reform of the coal industry is also moving forward. In December 2009, The State Development and Reform Commission issued the National Development and Reform Commission's guiding opinion on how to improve the convergence of coal production and transportation needs, cancelling the annual coal ordering meeting with the color of planned economy that has been in use since the founding of the people's Republic of China. The coal industry is fully market-oriented. In 2012, in order to solve the shortage of coal supply in power plants in southeastern coastal cities, foreign coal imports were encouraged to make up for the shortage of supply, and import duties on coal imports were completely abolished. As domestic coal enterprises are still in the inertia of the planned economy mode, and faced with strong competitors without vigilance, foreign coal quickly overruns the domestic coal market with a price advantage, and the coal price drops precipitously. The profit situation of enterprises has deteriorated seriously. By 2015, 70 percent of the country's coal mines had been shut down, more than 80 percent of coal companies had lost money, and the industry as a whole was in deep trouble and close to a full-blown collapse. At a time when coal companies have taken various measures to survive the crisis, government authorities have adopted a series of policy measures to limit domestic production capacity and foreign coal imports to help coal enterprises out of their predicament. The relief policy began to bear fruit, the coal market from the original supply oversupply to demand more than supply, coal sales prices and sales began to rebound. However, this phenomenon is only the result of policy effect, neither the real recovery of the market nor the change of the competition pattern. As the main body of the coal industry, how can the medium-sized coal enterprises, as the main body of the coal industry, really get out of the predicament and enter the benign operation state? It is still a difficult problem for the government, scholars and enterprises to solve. Under this environment background, the paper takes Ordos medium-sized coal enterprise as the research object, deeply studies the fundamental reason why the medium-sized coal enterprise is in the trouble of management. From the perspective of business model innovation based on value chain, this paper provides some feasible ideas and methods for Ordos medium-sized coal enterprises to get out of difficulties. First of all, literature research method is used to study and summarize the relevant theories at home and abroad, and some theoretical concepts are revised to form a clear definition of the connotation of business model innovation based on the value chain. That is: "Business model innovation based on value chain optimization is the change or reorganization of the relationship between enterprise resource structure and value chain process." Secondly, using the method of empirical research and the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the paper makes a deep analysis of the medium-sized coal enterprises in Ordos. To find out the root of its predicament lies in the fact that the traditional industrial management mode which has been used for decades by the medium coal enterprises in Ordos is no longer able to maintain the survival of the coal enterprises. Finally, the conclusion is that only through the innovation of business model can the medium-sized coal enterprises get out of the predicament, and only through the reorganization of the value chain can the value creation ability and management vitality of the enterprises be comprehensively enhanced. To realize the sustainable development of enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.21
【參考文獻】
中國期刊全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前10條
1 段天輝;何春燕;;煤炭行業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀、挑戰(zhàn)與機遇分析[J];中國市場;2016年33期
2 賈濵宇;;煤炭行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀分析及發(fā)展趨勢預(yù)測[J];企業(yè)改革與管理;2016年06期
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