【摘要】：煤炭依舊會是我國未來的支柱能源,煤炭的利用離不開煤灰熔融特性的研究。在電站鍋爐中,為減少鍋爐結(jié)渣,通常要求入爐煤具有較高的灰熔點。而在煤氣化領(lǐng)域,采用液態(tài)排渣的氣流床氣化爐為順利排渣,對煤灰的高溫粘度特性有嚴格的限制,一般都要求較低的灰熔點。為滿足不同行業(yè)的實際需求,需要采用多種調(diào)控手段調(diào)節(jié)煤灰熔點。 本文選用目前儲量較大,應(yīng)用廣泛的準東煤和準格爾煤為研究對象,測試了不同比例的配煤后煤灰的熔融特性變化,灰樣熔點隨準格爾煤比例的升高呈現(xiàn)先降低后升高的特點。結(jié)合X射線衍射技術(shù)和FactSage模擬計算,分析煤灰中礦物轉(zhuǎn)化過程,從微觀機理上解釋了引起一系列煤灰熔點變化的原因。并發(fā)現(xiàn)了幾組重要的低溫共熔體,正是這些低溫共熔體的形成與共熔導(dǎo)致了煤灰在升溫過程中液相的生成,組成低溫共熔體礦物含量的不同會導(dǎo)致這些礦物不同程度的熔融,并對其他的礦物質(zhì)產(chǎn)生一系列影響。 針對目前普遍存在的基于化學(xué)元素組成來指導(dǎo)灰熔點調(diào)控的現(xiàn)象,本文通過配煤和加入添加劑合成出幾種元素組成相同的煤灰,并研究它們的熔融特點。發(fā)現(xiàn)這幾種煤灰的灰熔點存在較大的差異,并進一步利用XRD和SEM-EDX結(jié)合的方式對不同溫度階段的灰樣進行實驗分析。結(jié)果表明：決定煤灰高溫時礦物組成的因素除了煤灰元素組成還有這些元素最初在煤灰中的賦存狀態(tài),即單純的依據(jù)元素組成來預(yù)測灰熔點指導(dǎo)灰熔點調(diào)控是不準確的,并對以后灰熔點預(yù)測模型的搭建提出合理的建議。
[Abstract]:Coal will still be the pillar energy of our country in the future. The utilization of coal can not be separated from the study of coal ash fusion characteristics. In order to reduce boiler slagging, high ash melting point is usually required in boiler. In the field of coal gasification, the gas-bed gasifier with liquid slagging is used to discharge slag smoothly, which has strict limits on the viscosity of coal ash at high temperature, and generally requires a lower ash melting point. In order to meet the actual needs of different industries, a variety of control measures are needed to adjust the coal ash melting point. In this paper, the large reserves and widely used Jindong and Zhungeer coals are chosen as the research objects, and the melting characteristics of coal ash after different proportions of coal blending are tested. The melting point of ash samples decreases first and then increases with the increase of Zhungel coal ratio. Combined with X-ray diffraction technique and FactSage simulation calculation, the process of mineral transformation in coal ash is analyzed, and the causes of a series of coal ash melting point changes are explained from the microscopic mechanism. Several important groups of low temperature eutectic have been found. It is the formation and eutectic of these low temperature comelts that lead to the formation of liquid phase during the heating process of coal ash, and the different mineral content of composition low temperature eutectic will lead to different degrees of melting of these minerals. And has a series of effects on other minerals. In view of the phenomenon that chemical element composition is widely used to guide ash melting point control, coal blending and additives are used to synthesize coal ash with the same composition, and their melting characteristics are studied. It is found that there are great differences in ash melting points among the three kinds of coal ash, and the ash samples at different temperatures are further analyzed by XRD and SEM-EDX. The results show that the factors that determine the mineral composition of coal ash at high temperature are not only the composition of coal ash elements, but also the initial occurrence of these elements in the coal ash, that is, it is not accurate to predict the ash melting point to guide the regulation of ash melting point simply according to the composition of the elements. Some reasonable suggestions are put forward for the prediction model of ash melting point in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD849

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