【摘要】：在我國因頂板事故引起的傷亡占所有事故很大的比例,隨著煤礦的開采向深部發(fā)展,復(fù)合頂板在我國各大礦區(qū)普遍存在,因此,掌握巷道復(fù)合頂板的變形規(guī)律是十分必要的。尤其是確定用于頂板監(jiān)測的離層臨界值,確保復(fù)合頂板的穩(wěn)定性。結(jié)合典型的現(xiàn)場的巷道復(fù)合頂板,本論文綜合大量現(xiàn)場實(shí)測、實(shí)驗(yàn)室測試等方法,圍繞頂板離層關(guān)鍵層確定及離層臨界值的具體數(shù)值兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵問題,分別對關(guān)鍵層對頂板穩(wěn)定性的影響及使用關(guān)鍵層的概念確定復(fù)合巷道頂板離層臨界值進(jìn)行確定。綜合關(guān)鍵層的離層值及非關(guān)鍵層的離層值得出復(fù)合頂板錨固區(qū)內(nèi)外的離層值。通過在同一斷面使用多個(gè)測點(diǎn)確定離層的發(fā)展規(guī)律,得出更合理的判斷穩(wěn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn);使用鉆孔攝像以及地質(zhì)取芯確定巷道復(fù)合頂板的巖層分布及各巖層的巖性的;采用數(shù)值模擬的方法得出離層較大的范圍;使用現(xiàn)場實(shí)測的方法對頂板進(jìn)行監(jiān)測,確定巷道頂板易于破壞的關(guān)鍵位置;使用多點(diǎn)位移計(jì)對關(guān)鍵層以及各個(gè)非關(guān)鍵層的離層進(jìn)行監(jiān)測,得出各個(gè)離層的數(shù)值,綜合得出錨固區(qū)內(nèi)外的離層臨界值;使用鉆孔攝像儀對離層發(fā)展實(shí)現(xiàn)可視化的觀測,驗(yàn)證頂板離層的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。通過以上的研究得出:①該巷道所處位置的地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜,頂板易出現(xiàn)頂板事故,因此確定合理的臨界值對巷道頂板進(jìn)行監(jiān)測是很必要的。②同一斷面的多位置的監(jiān)測結(jié)果顯示,對于深部巷道的臨界值僅僅是取巷道中部的離層數(shù)值是不盡合理的,應(yīng)該以巷道頂板的離層范圍達(dá)到巷道寬度的一半為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),此時(shí)巷道的離層發(fā)展是可控的,并且可以得出該判據(jù)是偏安全的。對于類似于研究對象類似的頂板可以采用同樣的判據(jù)。③巷道離層的發(fā)展早期是關(guān)鍵層的破壞為主,隨后非關(guān)鍵層的離層值會逐漸變大,通過數(shù)值模擬結(jié)合現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測可以得出關(guān)鍵層及非關(guān)鍵層的離層值,綜合得知11-2煤巷道錨固區(qū)內(nèi)離層臨界值為15mm,錨固區(qū)外的臨界值為20mm。④礦上記錄的錨固區(qū)內(nèi)外的離層數(shù)值,可以得出臨界值的確定是合理的,滿足巷道頂板穩(wěn)定的要求。使用鉆孔攝像記錄儀對頂板離層進(jìn)行兩次記錄,觀察復(fù)合頂板離層的發(fā)展,直觀驗(yàn)證離層發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。圖37表7參48
[Abstract]:In our country, the casualties caused by roof accidents account for a large proportion of all accidents. With the development of coal mining to the deep, composite roof is widely existed in every mining area of our country. Therefore, it is very necessary to master the deformation law of roadway composite roof. In particular, the critical value of separation layer for roof monitoring is determined to ensure the stability of composite roof. Combined with typical roadway composite roof, this paper synthesizes a large number of field measurement, laboratory test and other methods, focusing on two key issues: the determination of the critical layer and the specific value of the critical value of the separation layer. The influence of key layer on roof stability and the critical value of composite roadway roof separation are determined by using the concept of key layer. It is necessary to synthesize the separation values of critical layer and non-critical layer, and to give the value of dissociation inside and outside the Anchorage area of composite roof. By using multiple measuring points in the same section to determine the development law of the separated strata, a more reasonable criterion for judging stability is obtained, and the distribution of rock strata and the lithology of each rock layer are determined by using borehole camera and geological coring. The method of numerical simulation is used to obtain the large range of the separated layer, and the method of field measurement is used to monitor the roof to determine the key position where the roof of roadway is liable to be destroyed. Multi-point displacement meter is used to monitor the key layer and each non-critical layer, the value of each layer is obtained, and the critical value of the separated layer inside and outside the Anchorage area is obtained synthetically. Borehole camera is used to visualize the development of the separation layer to verify the development of the roof layer. Through the above research, it is concluded that: 1 the geological conditions of the location of the roadway are complex, the roof is prone to roof accidents, Therefore, it is necessary to determine a reasonable critical value to monitor the roof of the roadway. 2 the monitoring results of the multi-position of the same section show that the critical value of the deep roadway is only the value of the free layer in the middle of the roadway. It should be regarded as the standard that the roof of the roadway should reach half of the width of the roadway, and the development of the roadway is controllable, and it can be concluded that the criterion is relatively safe. For the roof similar to the research object, the same criterion can be used. 3 the early stage of roadway separation is the destruction of key layer, and then the value of non-critical layer will gradually increase. Through numerical simulation combined with field monitoring, the critical values of critical and non-critical layers can be obtained, and the critical value of separation layer in Anchorage zone of 11-2 coal roadway is 15mm. The critical value outside the anchoring area is the value of the separated layer inside and outside the anchoring area recorded on the 20mm.4 mine. It can be concluded that the determination of the critical value is reasonable and meets the requirement of roadway roof stability. The separation layer of the roof was recorded twice by using the borehole camera to observe the development of the separation layer of the composite roof, and to verify the development of the separation layer intuitively. Figs 37, tables 7, refs 48
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD327.2

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