【摘要】：礦用挖掘式裝載機(jī)是礦井開(kāi)采中使用較多的一種開(kāi)采設(shè)備本論文涉及的某款ZWY型裝載機(jī)，在使用過(guò)程中，其工作裝置發(fā)生了斷裂，故有必要找出工作裝置開(kāi)裂的原因，并以此為依據(jù)對(duì)其進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)與優(yōu)化 本文首先對(duì)典型工況下的工作裝置進(jìn)行了有限元靜力學(xué)分析，考慮到大臂小臂和底座受力復(fù)雜且邊界條件難以確定，單獨(dú)分析比較困難，本文以整個(gè)工作裝置為研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行分析計(jì)算由分析結(jié)果可知，小臂和底座存在明顯的應(yīng)力集中，其發(fā)生部位與現(xiàn)實(shí)斷裂部位完全吻合，表明小臂和底座的斷裂主要是由局部強(qiáng)度不足引起的，同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)大臂整體受力較小且應(yīng)力分布不均勻，存在較大的優(yōu)化空間 其次，本文運(yùn)用Optistruct求解器對(duì)工作裝置分別進(jìn)行了拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化尺寸優(yōu)化形狀優(yōu)化和聯(lián)合優(yōu)化，各個(gè)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的目標(biāo)雖然有所不同，但其最終目標(biāo)都是在滿足裝載機(jī)剛強(qiáng)度的設(shè)計(jì)要求下，盡可能地實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)的輕量化，通過(guò)優(yōu)化，工作裝置最大應(yīng)力和整體重量均下降幅度明顯 最后，為了解優(yōu)化后工作裝置動(dòng)態(tài)性能的變化，對(duì)優(yōu)化前后的大臂和小臂進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析由分析結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，優(yōu)化后的大臂第一階固有頻率較優(yōu)化前大幅度降低，表明大臂經(jīng)優(yōu)化后動(dòng)態(tài)性能下降明顯，，故對(duì)大臂進(jìn)行了以提高第一階固有頻率為目標(biāo)的二次優(yōu)化經(jīng)第二次優(yōu)化后的大臂，第一階固有頻率提高程度明顯 通過(guò)本論文的研究，找出了ZWY型裝載機(jī)工作裝置斷裂的原因，并對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)與優(yōu)化，優(yōu)化后的工作裝置，靜動(dòng)態(tài)性能都有顯著的提高本論文的研究能為其它同類型產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)提供一定的指導(dǎo)意義
[Abstract]:Mining excavating loader is a kind of mining equipment which is used more frequently in mine mining. In the process of using, the working device of the loader is broken, so it is necessary to find out the reason of the cracking of the working device. Based on this, the structural improvement and optimization are carried out. Firstly, the finite element statics analysis of the working device under typical working conditions is carried out, considering that the force on the forearm and the base is complex and the boundary conditions are difficult to determine. It is difficult to analyze alone. In this paper, the whole working device is taken as the object of study. According to the results of the analysis, there is obvious stress concentration in the forearm and the base, and its occurrence position is completely consistent with the actual fracture site. The results show that the fracture of the forearm and the base is mainly caused by the insufficient local strength. At the same time, it is found that the overall stress of the arm is small and the stress distribution is not uniform, and there is a large space for optimization. In this paper, the Optistruct solver is used to optimize the size and shape of the working device respectively. Although the objectives of each optimization design are different, the final goal is to meet the design requirements of the loaders' rigid strength. By optimizing, the maximum stress and the overall weight of the working device decrease obviously. Finally, in order to understand the dynamic performance of the working device after optimization, Modal analysis of the upper arm and the lower arm before and after optimization. The results of modal analysis show that the first natural frequency of the optimized arm is significantly lower than that before the optimization, which indicates that the dynamic performance of the arm decreases obviously after the optimization. Therefore, the second optimization of the upper arm with the aim of improving the first order natural frequency is carried out, and the degree of the first order natural frequency is obviously improved through the research in this paper. The reason of the breakage of the working device of ZWY loader is found out, and its structure is improved and optimized. The study of static and dynamic performance can provide some guidance for the design of other products of the same type.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD422.3

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