【摘要】：節(jié)能是當(dāng)今經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過(guò)程中最為熱點(diǎn)的話題之一,在原材料不斷上漲的今天,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日益激烈,降低經(jīng)濟(jì)成本是企業(yè)發(fā)展的非常關(guān)鍵的一部分。在煤炭行業(yè),帶式輸送機(jī)已經(jīng)成為主要的生產(chǎn)運(yùn)輸設(shè)備。為了滿足企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)需要和擴(kuò)大規(guī)模等問(wèn)題,帶式輸送機(jī)在驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)的選擇上都會(huì)留有較大的冗余度。由于煤礦開采的不均衡性,輸送機(jī)的運(yùn)量不能保持穩(wěn)定,導(dǎo)致帶式輸送機(jī)運(yùn)量不足,經(jīng)常處于“大馬拉小車”的狀態(tài)。傳統(tǒng)控制系統(tǒng)中,帶式輸送機(jī)的速度一般都是固定的,從而使得帶式輸送機(jī)很多時(shí)候是低載運(yùn)行甚至空載運(yùn)行,降低了驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)做功效率,降低了電能的利用率,耗費(fèi)大量電能,增加企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)成本。降低帶式輸送機(jī)的生產(chǎn)電耗已經(jīng)成為企業(yè)迫切需要解決的問(wèn)題,引起了許多工程技術(shù)人員的關(guān)注。首先,從輸送帶應(yīng)力應(yīng)變的特性入手,將帶式輸送系統(tǒng)離散成有限個(gè)“質(zhì)量-彈簧-阻尼”子系統(tǒng),建立膠帶子系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。結(jié)合驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置、拉緊裝置、滾筒等單元的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,建立整個(gè)輸送系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。其次,探討了帶式輸送機(jī)電氣節(jié)能方法,分析了各節(jié)能技術(shù)的原理,適用范圍及優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),選擇了合適的優(yōu)化節(jié)能方法。一方面,針對(duì)于啟動(dòng)過(guò)程中帶式輸送機(jī)存在的問(wèn)題,提出了基于耦合補(bǔ)償?shù)墓β势胶夤?jié)能控制方法。另一方面,通過(guò)對(duì)帶式輸送機(jī)的阻力分析,研究了帶速與運(yùn)量的合理匹配對(duì)帶式輸送機(jī)的節(jié)能效果,在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了基于變頻調(diào)速的帶式輸送機(jī)節(jié)能控制策略。最后,設(shè)計(jì)了控制器在環(huán)的帶式輸送機(jī)半實(shí)物仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)總體方案并完成了系統(tǒng)調(diào)試。在MATLAB/SIMULINK里建立帶式輸送機(jī)輸送帶的動(dòng)力學(xué)力學(xué)模型和驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型；控制器采用西門子PLC300,編寫了PLC節(jié)能調(diào)速控制程序,帶式輸送機(jī)仿真模型與PLC之間采用OPC通訊協(xié)議。
[Abstract]:Energy saving is one of the most hot topics in the process of economic development. With the rising of raw materials, competition is becoming increasingly fierce, and reducing economic costs is a very key part of the development of enterprises. In the coal industry, belt conveyor has become the main production and transportation equipment. In order to meet the needs of production and expand the scale of enterprises, belt conveyors will have greater redundancy in the selection of driving motors. Because of the unbalance of coal mining, the transport capacity of conveyer can not be kept stable, which leads to the shortage of belt conveyer, which is often in the condition of "pulling small cart with big horse". In the traditional control system, the speed of the belt conveyor is generally fixed, which makes the belt conveyor run at low load or even without load, which reduces the work efficiency of the driving motor and reduces the utilization rate of the electric energy. Consume a lot of electric energy, increase the production cost of the enterprise. Reducing the production power consumption of belt conveyor has become an urgent problem to be solved by enterprises, which has attracted the attention of many engineers and technicians. Firstly, starting from the characteristics of stress and strain of conveyor belt, the belt conveying system is discretized into a limited "mass-spring-damping" subsystem, and the dynamic model of belt subsystem is established. The dynamic model of the whole conveying system is established by combining the dynamic model of the driving device, the tensioning device and the roller unit. Secondly, the paper discusses the electric energy saving method of belt conveyor, analyzes the principle, applicable range, advantages and disadvantages of each energy saving technology, and selects the appropriate optimization energy saving method. On the one hand, a power balance and energy saving control method based on coupling compensation is proposed to solve the problems of belt conveyor during startup. On the other hand, by analyzing the resistance of belt conveyor, the energy saving effect of belt conveyor with reasonable matching of belt speed and transportation capacity is studied. On the basis of this, the energy saving control strategy of belt conveyor based on frequency conversion speed regulation is put forward. Finally, the overall scheme of the hardware-in-the-loop simulation experiment system of the belt conveyor with the controller is designed and the system debugging is completed. The dynamic model of belt conveyor belt and the dynamic model of driving motor are established in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The controller uses Siemens PLC300, to write the PLC energy saving and speed regulation control program, and the OPC communication protocol is used between the simulation model of belt conveyor and PLC.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD528.1

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