【摘要】：電磁是煤巖動力災害預測的重要手段,掌握電磁信號特征與煤體損傷程度間的關系是災害預測的關鍵。通過原煤SHPB試驗及瞬變電磁監(jiān)測,分析煤體沖擊破裂過程中的電磁信號(0~3 k Hz頻段)特征,從破裂耗能及破碎程度兩方面分析試件損傷特性,并探求電磁信號特征(幅值、能量)與煤體破裂損傷特性間的關系,研究發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)分形維數(shù)與最終破裂程度規(guī)律相似,利用分形維數(shù)來定量評價煤體破裂程度是可行的;(2)煤巖沖擊破裂電磁信號呈瞬時脈沖狀,持續(xù)時間僅為微秒級,信號幅值及能量總體隨著破碎程度的增大而增大;(3)煤巖沖擊破裂電磁信號的幅值及能量與其損傷程度(分形維數(shù))符合較好的線性關系,利用電磁信號特征監(jiān)測煤巖損傷程度是可行的;(4)受煤巖材料固有缺陷的不確定性及共振破壞現(xiàn)象的影響,煤巖的損傷程度與沖擊耗散能間的相關性較弱。研究成果對于利用電磁信號特征評價煤體損傷程度進而預測動力災害的發(fā)生具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:Electromagnetic is an important means to predict coal and rock dynamic disasters. It is the key of disaster prediction to master the relationship between electromagnetic signal characteristics and the degree of coal damage. Based on the SHPB test of raw coal and transient electromagnetic monitoring, the characteristics of electromagnetic signal (0 ~ 3 k Hz band) in the process of coal impact fracture are analyzed. The damage characteristics of the specimen are analyzed from two aspects of energy consumption and breaking degree, and the characteristics of electromagnetic signal (amplitude) are explored. The relationship between energy) and the fracture damage characteristics of coal body is studied. It is found that: (1) the fractal dimension is similar to the law of final rupture degree, it is feasible to use fractal dimension to quantitatively evaluate the fracture degree of coal body; (2) the electromagnetic signal of impact fracture of coal and rock is transient pulse, the duration is only microsecond, the amplitude and energy of the signal increase with the increase of breaking degree; (3) the amplitude and energy of the electromagnetic signal of coal and rock impact fracture are in good linear relation with its damage degree (fractal dimension). It is feasible to monitor the damage degree of coal and rock by using the characteristics of electromagnetic signal. (4) due to the uncertainty of the inherent defects of coal and rock materials and the phenomenon of resonance failure, the correlation between the damage degree of coal and rock and the energy dissipation of impact is weak. The research results are of great significance for evaluating the damage degree of coal body and predicting the occurrence of dynamic disaster by using the characteristics of electromagnetic signals.
【作者單位】： 福州大學環(huán)境與資源學院;中國礦業(yè)大學(北京)資源與安全工程學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(51604083) 福州大學貴重儀器設備開放測試基金項目(2017T018)
【分類號】：TD311

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