【摘要】：隨著開采深度的增加,軟巖問題越來越突出,軟巖巷道支護(hù)問題至今還沒有完全解決,仍然是世界性難題,現(xiàn)有的支護(hù)理論與技術(shù)無法解決高應(yīng)力泥化軟巖巷道大變形問題。本文以蔣家河礦650m二采區(qū)軌道大巷為工程背景,采用了圍巖巖石實(shí)驗(yàn)、理論分析、數(shù)值模擬、現(xiàn)場實(shí)測等多種研究方法,對(duì)軟巖巷道支護(hù)機(jī)理與技術(shù)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)研究,得出以下主要研究成果:1)探測分析了二采區(qū)軌道大巷圍巖結(jié)構(gòu)及圍巖力學(xué)性質(zhì),得出了蔣家河礦二采區(qū)軌道大巷直接頂為泥巖和砂質(zhì)泥巖,巷道圍巖力學(xué)性質(zhì)差,測定了二采區(qū)軌道大巷圍巖松動(dòng)圈范圍,圍巖屬于大松動(dòng)圈Ⅳ、Ⅴ型不穩(wěn)定圍巖。2)分析了軟巖巷道變形破壞的影響因素及變性破壞的力學(xué)機(jī)理,得出了深部軟巖巷道總體變形特征。深入研究了軟巖巷道“O”型支護(hù)理論,提出了構(gòu)建一次讓壓殼,合理預(yù)留讓壓空間及二次高阻支護(hù)的方案。3)根據(jù)預(yù)留讓壓空間經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式,計(jì)算出二采區(qū)軌道大巷預(yù)留讓壓空間為22cm~44cm,二采區(qū)軌道大巷為高應(yīng)力泥化軟巖巷道,為讓巷道圍巖能夠充分釋放變形能,預(yù)留讓壓空間應(yīng)稍取大些,綜合因素分析,取預(yù)留讓壓空間數(shù)值為38cm。4)分析了不同錨桿長度與密度對(duì)軟巖巷道圍巖變形影響規(guī)律,確定了錨桿合理的支護(hù)長度及密度。即錨桿長度以1.6m為宜;錨桿支護(hù)合理密度為0.7m×0.7m,錨桿合理支護(hù)強(qiáng)度為60KN。5)確立了二采區(qū)軌道大巷一次支護(hù)時(shí)機(jī)與支護(hù)強(qiáng)度,二次支護(hù)時(shí)機(jī)與支護(hù)強(qiáng)度。其一次支護(hù)必須及時(shí),支護(hù)強(qiáng)度為0.3MPa~0.4MPa;二次網(wǎng)殼襯砌支架支護(hù)強(qiáng)度為0.6MPa~0.816MPa,二次支護(hù)時(shí)機(jī)滯后一次支護(hù)20d。6)進(jìn)行了工業(yè)性試驗(yàn)。從現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測的結(jié)果可知,錨桿施工質(zhì)量符合規(guī)范要求,巷道圍巖變形量在預(yù)計(jì)的范圍之內(nèi),網(wǎng)殼支架設(shè)計(jì)合理,網(wǎng)殼支架沒有破壞,錨桿支護(hù)參數(shù)的選擇較合理,預(yù)留讓壓空間能夠滿足巷道變形的需要。“O”型支護(hù)原理與技術(shù),能夠較好地控制大巷圍巖有害變形。
[Abstract]:With the increase of mining depth, the problem of soft rock is more and more prominent. The problem of soft rock roadway support has not been completely solved, it is still a worldwide problem. The existing support theory and technology can not solve the problem of large deformation of soft rock roadway with high stress. Taking the 650m second mining area of Jiangjiahe Mine as the engineering background, this paper systematically studies the supporting mechanism and technology of soft rock roadway by using various research methods, such as rock experiment, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement, etc. The main research results are as follows: 1) the surrounding rock structure and surrounding rock mechanical properties of the track roadway in the second mining area are investigated and analyzed, and it is concluded that the direct roof of the track roadway in the second mining area of Jiangjiahe Mine is mudstone and sandy mudstone, and the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock of the roadway are poor. The range of surrounding rock loosening zone of track roadway in the second mining area is determined. The surrounding rock belongs to the large loosening zone 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2296139