【摘要】：我國的油頁巖資源儲量豐富,僅次于美國、巴西、俄羅斯,預(yù)估為萬億噸級別,大約能產(chǎn)出百億噸級的頁巖油。美國等國家的油頁巖油藏開發(fā)已經(jīng)進(jìn)入?yún)^(qū)塊開采商業(yè)化階段,目前主要開采方式為水平井分段壓裂。而我國對于油頁巖油藏的開發(fā)尚處于現(xiàn)場試驗階段,并未大量投產(chǎn)。但是日益緊張的能源供需關(guān)系突出了油頁巖開發(fā)的必要性。本文根據(jù)國內(nèi)外油頁巖油藏原位電加熱的實驗和計算數(shù)據(jù),分析了有油頁巖油藏的特點以及各參數(shù)隨溫度的變化規(guī)律,初步建立了油頁巖單井電加熱的電熱轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)學(xué)模型、溫度場數(shù)學(xué)模型、產(chǎn)量及其他開發(fā)指標(biāo)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。在單井?dāng)?shù)學(xué)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,主要運用疊加原理建立雙井電加熱的溫度場和產(chǎn)量數(shù)學(xué)模型。然后,建立了油頁巖油藏開發(fā)的經(jīng)濟(jì)評價數(shù)學(xué)模型。利用上述數(shù)學(xué)模型,對實際的單井、雙井電加熱油頁巖的溫度分布和產(chǎn)量等進(jìn)行了模擬預(yù)測,并對影響油頁巖開發(fā)的敏感性因素,如加熱功率、成油率、油藏厚度、油層傳熱系數(shù)及井距等對溫度場和產(chǎn)量的影響進(jìn)行分析,最后,對油頁巖油藏生產(chǎn)進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)評價。計算表明:當(dāng)加熱功率為1000k W時,油井在4個月后開始出油,隨后出油量逐漸增加;單井不同加熱功率(1000kW、750k W、500kW),其最高產(chǎn)量分別為17.5t/d、13.8t/d和3.3t/d,表明加熱功率越大,油井產(chǎn)量越高;對于成油率、油藏厚度、油層熱傳導(dǎo)系數(shù)等對產(chǎn)量的影響也有相同規(guī)律;在研究雙井電加熱時,相同加熱功率時,雙井電加熱的單井產(chǎn)量要高于單井電加熱產(chǎn)量;而對于不同井距(50m、40m、30m)時,油井最高產(chǎn)量分別為17.15t/d、22.5t/d、23.6t/d,表明雙井井距越小,產(chǎn)量越高。經(jīng)濟(jì)效益主要受油價影響更大,在不導(dǎo)致油頁巖層焦化的前提下,應(yīng)選擇1000k W加熱井進(jìn)行加熱。研究結(jié)論為油頁巖油藏的實際開發(fā)利用提供了理論依據(jù)和預(yù)測方法。
[Abstract]:China's oil shale reserves are abundant, second only to the United States, Brazil and Russia, with an estimated trillion tons of shale oil to produce. The development of oil shale reservoirs in the United States and other countries has entered the commercial stage of block production. At present, the main production method is horizontal well fracturing. However, the development of oil shale reservoir in China is still in the stage of field test and has not been put into production in large quantities. But the increasingly tight energy supply-and-demand relationship highlights the need for oil shale development. Based on the experimental and computational data of in-situ electric heating in oil shale reservoirs at home and abroad, the characteristics of oil shale reservoirs and the variation of various parameters with temperature are analyzed, and a mathematical model of electrothermal conversion for single well heating of oil shale is established preliminarily. Mathematical model of temperature field, mathematical model of yield and other development index. Based on the mathematical model of single well, the mathematical model of temperature field and production rate of electric heating in double well is established by using superposition principle. Then, the mathematical model of economic evaluation of oil shale reservoir development is established. By using the above mathematical model, the temperature distribution and production rate of oil shale with electric heating in single well and double well are simulated and forecasted, and the sensitive factors such as heating power, oil forming rate, reservoir thickness and so on, which affect the development of oil shale, are also studied. The effects of reservoir heat transfer coefficient and well spacing on temperature field and production are analyzed. Finally, the economic evaluation of oil shale reservoir production is carried out. The calculation results show that when the heating power is 1000kW, the oil well starts to produce oil after 4 months, and then the oil production increases gradually, and the maximum output of single well with different heating power (1000kW / 750kW / W) is 17.5 t / d 13.8t / d and 3.3 t / d, respectively, indicating that the higher the heating power is, the higher the oil production is. The effects of oil formation rate, reservoir thickness and reservoir thermal conductivity on the production are the same, and the single well production of double well electric heating is higher than that of single well electric heating when the electric heating of double well is studied and the heating power is the same. For different well spacing (50m ~ 40m ~ 30m), the maximum production of the well is 17.15t / d 22.5t / d 23.6t / d, which indicates that the smaller the well spacing is, the higher the production is. The economic benefit is mainly affected by oil price. Without coking oil shale formation, 1000kW heating well should be selected for heating. The results provide theoretical basis and prediction method for the development and utilization of oil shale reservoir.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD83

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