【摘要】：根據(jù)我國(guó)能源戰(zhàn)略行動(dòng)計(jì)劃和相關(guān)研究,在未來(lái)的一個(gè)相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的時(shí)期內(nèi),我國(guó)仍將是以煤為主的能源結(jié)構(gòu)。在我國(guó)已探明的煤炭資源中,約有2.95×1012t埋深在1000m以下,占我國(guó)煤炭資源總量的53%[1]。在深部地下工程中,蠕變是煤巖體工程圍巖失穩(wěn)的重要原因之一,近年來(lái)越來(lái)越多的大埋深高地應(yīng)力的硬巖巷道出現(xiàn)了因蠕變導(dǎo)致的巷道圍巖變形破壞事件。因此,對(duì)深井高應(yīng)力硬巖巷道圍巖蠕變特征以及長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定性等問(wèn)題的研究顯得尤為重要和迫切。本文結(jié)合鄆城煤礦一采區(qū)軌道大巷的地質(zhì)條件,采用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)等方法,對(duì)深井高應(yīng)力硬巖巷道圍巖變形規(guī)律、力學(xué)特性、變形破壞機(jī)理和長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定性控制方法等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了分析研究。通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)分析,巷道表面圍巖位移量呈指數(shù)函數(shù)增長(zhǎng),巷道頂板和兩幫是圍巖穩(wěn)定性控制的重點(diǎn)。運(yùn)用粘彈性力學(xué)理論對(duì)深井高應(yīng)力硬巖巷道圍巖力學(xué)特征進(jìn)行分析,得出巷道圍巖任一點(diǎn)變形位移和變形速率公式。運(yùn)用Flac3D數(shù)值模擬軟件對(duì)巷道開挖后的應(yīng)力場(chǎng)、位移場(chǎng)和塑性破壞區(qū)進(jìn)行分析研究,確定深井高應(yīng)力硬巖巷道圍巖的變形破壞特征。將影響深井高應(yīng)力硬巖巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定性的因素概括為自然因素和人為可控因素,其中人為可控因素主要包括:支護(hù)方式、支護(hù)材料的參數(shù)等。而支護(hù)參數(shù)包括:錨桿(索)的長(zhǎng)度、直徑、間排距、預(yù)緊力等。使用正交試驗(yàn)方法對(duì)支護(hù)參數(shù)各水平之間的匹配進(jìn)行方案篩選,之后運(yùn)用Flac3D數(shù)值模擬軟件對(duì)各方案進(jìn)行模擬。選取頂?shù)装逡平緼X和兩幫移近量△Y為評(píng)價(jià)不同方案支護(hù)效果的指標(biāo),分析模擬結(jié)果,從中選取最佳的支護(hù)方案。采用經(jīng)過(guò)分析和模擬得到的錨網(wǎng)索支護(hù)的最佳參數(shù)在鄆城煤礦一采區(qū)軌道大巷進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)踐,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明采用優(yōu)化后的最佳支護(hù)參數(shù)能夠有效控制深井硬巖巷道在高地應(yīng)力作用下的圍巖變形破壞情況。滿足了有效控制圍巖和巷道服務(wù)年限的需要,為今后類似地質(zhì)條件下深井高應(yīng)力硬巷道的支護(hù),提供了重要的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:According to our country's energy strategy action plan and related research, in a long period in the future, our country will still be based on coal energy structure. Among the proven coal resources in China, 2.95 脳 1012t buried depth is below 1000m, accounting for 53% of the total coal resources in China. In deep underground engineering, creep is one of the important reasons for the instability of surrounding rock in coal and rock mass engineering. In recent years, more and more hard rock roadways with large buried depth and high ground stress appear deformation and failure events of surrounding rock caused by creep. Therefore, it is very important and urgent to study the creep characteristics and long-term stability of roadway with high stress in deep well. Combined with the geological conditions of the track roadway in Yuncheng Coal Mine, the deformation law and mechanical properties of the surrounding rock of the roadway with high stress in deep well and high stress are studied by using the methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field monitoring. The deformation failure mechanism and long-term stability control methods are analyzed and studied. Through the field measurement and analysis, the displacement of surrounding rock on the surface of roadway increases with exponential function, and the roof and two sides of roadway are the key points of the stability control of surrounding rock. Based on the viscoelastic theory, the mechanical characteristics of surrounding rock of roadway with high stress and high stress in deep well are analyzed, and the formulas of deformation displacement and deformation rate at any point in surrounding rock of roadway are obtained. The stress field, displacement field and plastic failure zone of roadway after excavation are analyzed and studied by using Flac3D numerical simulation software, and the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock of roadway with high stress in deep well are determined. The factors affecting the surrounding rock stability of roadway with high stress in deep well are summarized as natural factor and artificial controllable factor, among which artificial controllable factors mainly include: supporting way, parameters of supporting material and so on. The supporting parameters include the length, diameter, spacing, pretension and so on of anchor rod (cable). The orthogonal test method is used to screen the schemes for matching the support parameters between different levels, and then the Flac3D numerical simulation software is used to simulate the schemes. AX and Y are selected as indexes to evaluate the support effect of different schemes. The simulation results are analyzed and the best support scheme is selected. The best parameters of bolting, mesh and cable support obtained by analysis and simulation are used in the field practice in the track roadway of the first mining area of Yuncheng Coal Mine. The test results show that the optimum supporting parameters can effectively control the deformation and failure of surrounding rock under the action of high ground stress in hard rock roadway of deep well. It meets the need of effectively controlling the service life of surrounding rock and roadway and provides an important reference value for the support of high stress and hard roadway under similar geological conditions in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD322.4

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