【摘要】：本篇文章通過對(duì)潘三礦西三采區(qū)內(nèi)細(xì)質(zhì)砂巖、粗質(zhì)砂巖和砂質(zhì)泥巖共三組巖芯的采集,運(yùn)用理論分析、實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)以及數(shù)值模擬等相結(jié)合的方式,對(duì)比分析了在相同直徑不同高度的情況下,三組巖石試件進(jìn)行的單軸壓縮條件下破壞全過程的聲發(fā)射試驗(yàn),從而推斷巖石內(nèi)部性質(zhì)變化,反演巖石的破壞機(jī)制,可對(duì)不同尺寸礦柱的破裂失穩(wěn)、破裂造成位置和破壞模式預(yù)測等等進(jìn)行理論上的參考。 首先,通過單軸壓縮實(shí)驗(yàn),比較分析三組巖石試件隨著尺寸的不同,其基本力學(xué)參數(shù)會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些規(guī)律性變化,即單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度會(huì)隨著尺寸的加大而呈現(xiàn)增強(qiáng)的趨勢,同時(shí)其變形模量、彈性模量也會(huì)隨著高徑比的加大而增強(qiáng)。 接著,聲發(fā)射振鈴計(jì)數(shù)變化基本隨著應(yīng)力時(shí)間曲線變化反映了巖石試樣的破壞變形,從整個(gè)試驗(yàn)過程經(jīng)歷了聲發(fā)射初始階段、聲發(fā)射平靜階段、聲發(fā)射增長階段、聲發(fā)射穩(wěn)定階段。當(dāng)每組巖石試件尺寸較小時(shí),其較大數(shù)量聲發(fā)射振鈴數(shù)在峰之前有多次顯著出現(xiàn),聲發(fā)射模式屬于漸進(jìn)型；當(dāng)尺寸較大時(shí),僅在接近應(yīng)力峰值時(shí)突然爆發(fā)1次在數(shù)量上最顯著的聲發(fā)射事件,該模式屬于突躍型。 從聲發(fā)射能量計(jì)數(shù)特性圖可以看到,它與聲發(fā)射振鈴事件特征圖非常吻合。經(jīng)過對(duì)比分析,在同直徑不同高徑比的情況下,每組巖石試件隨著高度的增加,抗壓強(qiáng)度的增大其聲發(fā)射能量累積數(shù)越小。但是聲發(fā)射能量計(jì)數(shù)變化沒有聲發(fā)射振鈴數(shù)變化那么明顯,在用聲發(fā)射對(duì)巖石的損傷進(jìn)行檢測時(shí),用聲發(fā)射振鈴數(shù)來表征巖石的損傷效果會(huì)更好一點(diǎn)。 聲發(fā)射源定位效應(yīng)可用于確定巖石的裂縫和破壞面、趨勢和方向的預(yù)期膨脹,并隨著同直徑不同高徑比的變化,三組巖樣表現(xiàn)出相同的規(guī)律,即隨著尺寸增大,試件的抗壓強(qiáng)度越來越大,加載時(shí)間越來越長,聲發(fā)射定位事件數(shù)量越少,在三維定位圖中表現(xiàn)的越稀疏。 在文章最后,通過利用RFPA數(shù)值軟件反演出其在不同尺寸的情況下,單軸壓縮進(jìn)行時(shí)巖石試件變形破壞及聲發(fā)射試驗(yàn)參數(shù)的規(guī)律。模擬結(jié)果表明,在同直徑的情況下,隨著高徑比的增大,模型巖石試樣的單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度呈現(xiàn)逐漸增大的趨勢,聲發(fā)射現(xiàn)象也較晚出現(xiàn),其聲發(fā)射現(xiàn)活動(dòng)也逐漸較弱,巖石破壞需要的步數(shù)也越多。模擬結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果基本吻合。
[Abstract]:In this paper, through the collection of fine sandstone, coarse sandstone and sandy mudstone in the West No.3 Mining area of Panshan Coal Mine, a combination of theoretical analysis, laboratory test and numerical simulation is used. Under the condition of the same diameter and different height, the acoustic emission tests of three groups of rock specimens under uniaxial compression condition are compared and analyzed, so as to infer the change of the internal properties of the rock and to invert the failure mechanism of the rock. It can be used as a theoretical reference for the failure instability, location and failure mode prediction of pillar with different sizes. First of all, through uniaxial compression experiment, comparing and analyzing three groups of rock specimen with different size, its basic mechanical parameters will appear some regular changes, that is, uniaxial compressive strength will increase with the increase of size. At the same time, its deformation modulus and elastic modulus will increase with the height-diameter ratio. Then, the change of acoustic emission ringing count basically reflects the failure and deformation of rock specimen with the change of stress time curve. From the whole test process, the initial stage of acoustic emission, the quiet stage of acoustic emission, and the stage of acoustic emission growth are experienced. Acoustic emission stabilization stage. When the size of each group of rock specimens is small, the larger number of acoustic emission rings appears many times before the peak, and the acoustic emission mode belongs to the progressive type, and when the size is larger, Only when the stress peak is near the peak, the most significant acoustic emission event occurs in quantity, and the model belongs to the type of sudden jump. It can be seen from the acoustic emission energy counting characteristic diagram that it is in good agreement with the acoustic emission ringing event characteristic diagram. Through comparative analysis, under the condition of the same diameter and different aspect ratio, the acoustic emission energy accumulation of each rock specimen increases with the increase of the height. However, the change of acoustic emission energy count is not as obvious as the change of acoustic emission ringing number. When acoustic emission is used to detect the damage of rock, it is better to use acoustic emission ring number to characterize the damage of rock. The localization effect of acoustic emission source can be used to determine the expected expansion of fracture and failure surface, trend and direction of rock, and with the change of different height-diameter ratio of the same diameter, the three groups of rock samples show the same law, that is, with the increase of size, The compressive strength of the specimen is increasing, the loading time is getting longer and the number of AE localization events is less, the more sparse it is in the 3D localization map. Finally, by using RFPA numerical software, the rules of deformation, failure and acoustic emission test parameters of rock specimens under uniaxial compression with different sizes are presented. The simulation results show that under the same diameter, the uniaxial compressive strength of the model rock samples increases gradually with the increase of the ratio of height to diameter, the phenomenon of acoustic emission appears later, and the present activity of acoustic emission becomes weaker. The more steps are required for rock failure. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD323

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