【摘要】：本課題來源于山西省晉煤集團(tuán)科技攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目“寺河礦井下供電系統(tǒng)雜散電流分布及防治技術(shù)的研究”(項(xiàng)目編號(hào)：JMJS-JS-2012050),是針對(duì)因雜散電流而引起的井下事故頻發(fā)及相關(guān)理論研究的缺乏、檢測設(shè)備落后等問題而提出的。近年來,隨著我國煤炭產(chǎn)量的持續(xù)攀升以及綜采技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,對(duì)礦井生產(chǎn)各環(huán)節(jié)的隱患監(jiān)測及預(yù)警提出了更高要求。在我國煤礦安全事故中因雜散電流引起的爆炸及火災(zāi)事故非常多,而目前關(guān)于煤礦井下雜散電流的研究比較滯后,并沒有進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的深層次的理論分析,且由于井下工作條件特殊,同時(shí)缺乏用于井下且檢測精度高的相關(guān)檢測設(shè)備。因此,研究雜散電流的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理,建立符合實(shí)際且準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)學(xué)模型,開發(fā)一種礦用的雜散電流檢測儀,對(duì)煤礦井下的安全生產(chǎn)具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文確定了井下雜散電流的種類,分析了各種雜散電流的形成機(jī)理,建立了井下雜散電流的模型,通過計(jì)算仿真分析了雜散電流的分布規(guī)律,制定了檢測裝置的設(shè)計(jì)方案并完成硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì),最終提出了消除井下雜散電流危害的具體措施。本文的主要內(nèi)容如下：通過大量查閱文獻(xiàn)資料并到現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行實(shí)際調(diào)查研究,總結(jié)出了井下雜散電流的可能來源及種類,分析了各雜散電流的產(chǎn)生原因,總結(jié)了井下雜散電流可能帶來的危害,分析了雜散電流各種危害的機(jī)理。根據(jù)井下直流雜散電流及交流雜散電流的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理,基于微元法建立了直流雜散電流的模型并建立了相應(yīng)的計(jì)算公式,并用MATLAB分析了各參數(shù)的改變對(duì)直流雜散電流的影響；分別基于集中參數(shù)和分布參數(shù)建立了交流雜散電流的模型,在MATLAB平臺(tái)下建立仿真模塊,對(duì)比了在使用不.同電纜及三相對(duì)地阻抗不對(duì)稱情況下交流雜散電流的變化,總結(jié)了井下雜散電流的分布規(guī)律。制定了雜散電流檢測儀器的硬件設(shè)計(jì)方案,并具體繪制了各個(gè)模塊的原理圖,具體包括磁阻傳感器的外圍電路、單片機(jī)的外圍電路、電平轉(zhuǎn)換電路。搭建了硬件電路的測試平臺(tái),主要的測試實(shí)驗(yàn)有磁阻傳感器輸出驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn)、磁阻傳感器置復(fù)位性能實(shí)驗(yàn)。通過仿真對(duì)比,探明了影響雜散電流的主要參數(shù),總結(jié)了井下雜散電流的防治措施,直流雜散電流的防治措施有減小軌道電阻、減小機(jī)車負(fù)載電流、縮短供電半徑等,交流雜散電流的防治措施有提高電網(wǎng)對(duì)地絕緣、采用屏蔽電纜及對(duì)稱電纜等,為煤礦企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)安全提供了技術(shù)支持和保障。研究成果將大幅提高煤礦安全水平,推動(dòng)煤炭行業(yè)的持續(xù)穩(wěn)步發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:This subject comes from Shanxi Jinmei Group Science and Technology Project "Research on stray current Distribution and Prevention Technology of Power supply system under Sihe Mine" (Project No.: JMJS-JS-2012050). It is aimed at frequent underground accidents caused by stray current; and Lack of relevant theoretical research, Test equipment backward and so on raised by the problem. In recent years, with the continuous increase of coal output and the rapid development of fully mechanized mining technology in China, higher requirements are put forward for the monitoring and early warning of hidden dangers in every link of mine production. There are many explosion and fire accidents caused by stray current in coal mine safety accidents in our country. However, the research on stray current in coal mine is lagging behind at present, and there is no deep theoretical analysis of the system. Because of the special working conditions, there is a lack of high precision detection equipment. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the mechanism of stray current generation, to establish a practical and accurate mathematical model and to develop a kind of stray current detector for coal mine. In this paper, the types of underground stray current are determined, the formation mechanism of various stray currents is analyzed, the model of underground stray current is established, and the distribution law of stray current is analyzed by calculation and simulation. The design scheme of the detection device and the design of the hardware circuit are worked out. Finally, the concrete measures to eliminate the harm of underground stray current are put forward. The main contents of this paper are as follows: through a large amount of literature and field investigation, the possible sources and types of underground stray current are summarized, and the causes of each stray current are analyzed. This paper summarizes the possible harm of underground stray current, and analyzes the mechanism of various harm of stray current. According to the generation mechanism of DC stray current and AC stray current in underground, the model of DC stray current is established based on micro-element method and the corresponding calculation formula is established. The influence of the change of parameters on DC stray current is analyzed by MATLAB. The models of AC stray current are established based on the centralized and distributed parameters, and the simulation module is established on the MATLAB platform. The variation of AC stray current under the condition of asymmetry of the same cable and three relative earth impedance is summarized, and the distribution law of underground stray current is summarized. The hardware design scheme of stray current detecting instrument is established, and the schematic diagram of each module is drawn, including the peripheral circuit of magnetoresistive sensor, the peripheral circuit of single chip microcomputer and the level conversion circuit. The hardware circuit test platform is built. The main test experiments are the magnetoresistive sensor output verification experiment, the magnetoresistive sensor reset performance experiment. Through simulation and comparison, the main parameters affecting stray current are found out, and the preventive measures of underground stray current are summarized. The preventive measures of DC stray current include reducing track resistance, reducing locomotive load current, shortening power supply radius, etc. The prevention and cure measures of AC stray current include improving the insulation of power grid, adopting shielded cable and symmetrical cable, etc., which provide technical support and guarantee for the production safety of coal mine enterprise. The research results will greatly improve the level of coal mine safety and promote the sustained and steady development of the coal industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD608

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本文編號(hào)：2248259