【摘要】：由于我國近些年來對于煤炭政策的調整，煤炭資源企業(yè)整合轉型，井工煤礦轉露天煤礦的實例越來越多，導致露天礦的數(shù)量與規(guī)模隨之增加。特別是在內蒙古準格爾地區(qū)和神東礦區(qū)，山西河保偏礦區(qū)和平朔礦區(qū)以及西南地區(qū)的云南昭通區(qū)、小龍?zhí)兜V區(qū)的一些露天礦，普遍存在煤層厚度小，煤層數(shù)目較多，煤層總體厚度大的情況，擁有較大的端幫壓煤量，其中不乏煤質優(yōu)秀的煤礦，如果采用端幫采煤機進行開采，，對于企業(yè)可能會有較大的收益以及更加持久發(fā)展的意義。在我國，端幫采煤機在一些地區(qū)已投入使用，但總體而言尚未普及，仍具有很大的研究意義。端幫聯(lián)合采煤機繼承了傳統(tǒng)的端幫采煤技術優(yōu)勢，且在新技術運用方面更加先進，具有模塊化、集成化和自動化的優(yōu)點的系統(tǒng)，操作簡易，維護簡便，生產效率很高。 本文結合特拉布拉露天煤礦煤礦的實際情況，通過查閱資料、現(xiàn)場調研、理論分析、數(shù)值模擬等方法進行研究。本文主要研究內容包括：（1）研究端幫掘進工作面煤柱的受力情況，分析頂板巖梁是“簡支梁”還是“固定梁”的情況，確定了煤柱對頂板的“夾持”作用較小，巖梁可按“簡支梁”處理；（2）根據(jù)分析結果，用現(xiàn)有的幾種房柱設計經驗公式驗算特拉布拉露天煤礦煤柱設計的合理性，即威特克計算公式、英國經驗公式、美國經驗公式和西安設計院經驗公式和Wilson公式，得出Wilson公式更適合實際情況；（3）建立主采煤層Ⅲ-2煤端幫掘進工作面的數(shù)值模擬，并監(jiān)測巷道開挖后的圍巖受力、圍巖的位移以及塑性區(qū)域的破壞情況，通過數(shù)值模擬得出開挖4個巷道后有圍巖才出現(xiàn)塑性破壞區(qū)，基本達到了不影響端幫掘進工作面安全開采的要求。鑒于端幫采煤機采煤的特性，支護的方法過于昂貴而且不必要，應采取快速掘進、快速回填壓幫的辦法；（4）通過數(shù)值模擬驗證了經優(yōu)化后的參數(shù)的合理性。 驗證了特拉布拉露天煤礦主采煤層Ⅲ-2煤煤柱設計的合理性并對其進一步優(yōu)化，對巷道破壞的情況提供監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)。為端幫采煤機采煤技術在露天礦的運用提供參考。
[Abstract]:Due to the adjustment of coal policy in recent years and the transformation of coal resource enterprises, there are more and more examples of coal mine switching to open pit coal mine, which leads to the increase of the number and scale of open pit mine. Especially in the Zhunger and Shendong mining areas in Inner Mongolia, in the Hebao and Pingshuo mining areas in Shanxi Province, in Zhaotong district in Yunnan Province in the southwest, and in some open pit mines in Xiaolongtan mining area, the coal seam thickness is small and the number of coal seams is relatively large. In the case of large coal seam thickness, there is a large amount of end and side coal pressure, among which there are many coal mines with excellent coal quality. If the coal mining machine is adopted, it may have a larger profit and more sustainable development significance for the enterprise. In our country, the end-side shearer has been put into use in some areas, but it has not been popularized in general, and still has great significance in research. The combined end and end shearer inherits the advantages of the traditional end and end coal mining technology, and is more advanced in the application of new technology. It has the advantages of modularization, integration and automation. It is easy to operate, easy to maintain and highly efficient in production. Based on the actual situation of Trabra opencast coal mine, this paper studies on the methods of consulting data, field investigation, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and so on. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) to study the stress on the coal pillar in the end side heading face, to analyze whether the roof slab beam is a "simple supported beam" or a "fixed beam", and to determine that the coal pillar has less "clamping" effect on the roof. Rock beams can be treated as simply supported beams. (2) according to the results of analysis, the rationality of the design of coal pillars in Trabra opencast coal mine is verified by using several kinds of empirical formulas for the design of house pillars, that is, the Whitaker formula and the British empirical formula. American empirical formula, Xi'an Design Institute empirical formula and Wilson formula, it is concluded that Wilson formula is more suitable for the actual situation. (3) numerical simulation of the main coal seam 鈪

本文編號：2244144