發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-30 14:10

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,導(dǎo)致對金屬資源的需求不斷增加。在礦產(chǎn)資源開發(fā)過程中,由于金屬硫化礦遇空氣發(fā)生自然氧化,并以礦坑涌水、淋濾水等形式進(jìn)入環(huán)境,形成含有重金屬和硫酸根為特點(diǎn)的礦山廢水。由于礦山多在山區(qū)及飲用水源地上游,對飲用水安全保障造成重大威脅。本研究以硫酸鹽還原菌對礦山廢水進(jìn)行生化處理,系統(tǒng)研究還原過程中涉硫組分的代謝過程及硫平衡,為廢水中重金屬離子形成硫化物沉淀提供代謝調(diào)控指導(dǎo);研究涉硫組分與pH、氧化還原電位等監(jiān)控指標(biāo)的內(nèi)在作用規(guī)律與機(jī)理,為厭氧生化處理提供實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控;通過對微生物電子供體、毒性抑制產(chǎn)物、微量組分等研究,實(shí)現(xiàn)硫酸鹽還原菌處理礦山廢水的過程優(yōu)化,為最終實(shí)現(xiàn)綠色、高效、低耗的礦山廢水處理提供技術(shù)支撐。(1)研究結(jié)果表明:研究所用的混合菌種經(jīng)鑒定為脫硫弧菌屬,分析體系中的涉硫組分:出水硫酸根、出水硫離子、微生物硫組分、中間涉硫組分,建立出一套有效分離各個(gè)涉硫組分的分析測量方法。在硫酸鹽還原菌對硫酸根的還原與代謝中間產(chǎn)物向最終產(chǎn)物硫離子的生化反應(yīng)為限速步驟,且微生物胞內(nèi)不存在硫組分的持續(xù)富集。反應(yīng)結(jié)束后,體系中各主要硫形態(tài)占總硫?yàn)?殘余SO42-最終占5.8%,S2-占76.9%,微生物硫占2.2%,中間涉硫組分占15.7%。(2)研究結(jié)果表明:在SRB還原硫酸鹽體系中,SO42-的濃度變化不影響系統(tǒng)的pH值和ORP值;硫酸鹽還原菌對硫酸根代謝過程在pH=7.2、ORP=-270mV附近存在轉(zhuǎn)折,監(jiān)控指標(biāo)說明開始出現(xiàn)代謝中間產(chǎn)物的累積。后在pH=7.5、ORP=-160mV時(shí)說明限速因素解除。對于添加不同Cu2+濃度的SRB體系,隨著Cu2+濃度增加,pH值越低、ORP值越高,不利于SRB生長。(3)針對微生物代謝碳源、微量元素刺激和毒性抑制解除進(jìn)行研究。研究結(jié)果表明:在碳源類型研究中,SRB去除硫酸根的順序是:乳酸鈉葡萄糖白糖淀粉。Fe0的添加有助于硫酸鹽還原過程。添加維生素C有助于SRB還原硫酸根。通過間歇添加Fe2+、Cu2+研究中,可有效解除硫離子的毒性抑制。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the demand for metal resources is increasing. In the process of mineral resources exploitation, the metal sulphide ore is naturally oxidized in the air and enters the environment in the form of mine water gushing and leaching water, which forms the mine wastewater characterized by heavy metals and sulphate. Because mines are mostly in the mountain areas and upstream of drinking water sources, it poses a great threat to the safety of drinking water. In this study, sulfate reducing bacteria were used to treat mine wastewater, and the metabolic process and sulfur balance of sulfur components involved in the reduction process were systematically studied, which provided the metabolic regulation guidance for heavy metal ions to form sulfide precipitation in wastewater. The internal action law and mechanism of sulfur components and pH, redox potential were studied in order to provide real-time monitoring for anaerobic biochemical treatment. The process optimization of sulfate reducing bacteria treatment of mine wastewater is realized, which provides technical support for the final realization of green, high efficiency and low consumption mine wastewater treatment. (1) the results show that the mixed bacteria used in the research are identified as Vibrio desulphurus. A set of analytical and measurement methods were established for the analysis of sulfur components in the system, such as water sulfate, effluent sulfur ion, microbial sulfur component and intermediate sulfur component. The rate limiting step was the reduction of sulfate radical by sulfate reducing bacteria and the biochemical reaction of the intermediate product of metabolism to the final product sulfur ion, and there was no continuous enrichment of sulfur component in the microorganism. After the reaction, The main sulfur forms in the system were as follows: residual SO42- accounted for 5.8S2- and 76.9%, microbial sulfur accounted for 2.2 and intermediate sulfur component accounted for 15.70.The results showed that the concentration change of so _ 42- in the system of SRB reduction sulfate had no effect on the pH value and ORP value of the system; Sulfate reducing bacteria had a turning point in the process of sulfate radical metabolism near pH=7.2,ORP=-270mV. The monitoring index indicated that the accumulation of metabolic intermediates began to appear. After the pH=7.5,ORP=-160mV, the speed limit factor was removed. For SRB system with different Cu2 concentration, the lower the pH value of Cu2 concentration is, the higher the SRB value is, which is not conducive to the growth of SRB. (3) aiming at microbial metabolism of carbon source, trace element stimulation and elimination of toxicity inhibition are studied. The results showed that the order of removal of sulfate by SRB in the study of carbon source type was: the addition of sodium lactate, glucose, sugar starch, Fe _ 0 was helpful to the sulfate reduction process. The addition of vitamin C helps SRB to reduce sulfate radical. In the study of intermittent addition of Fe2 Cu2, the toxicity inhibition of sulfur ions can be effectively relieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X753;X172

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