【摘要】：隨著固體充填采煤技術(shù)的發(fā)展以及在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)的推廣應(yīng)用,充填物料的種類呈現(xiàn)多樣化趨勢(shì),風(fēng)積沙、黃土、矸石、粉煤灰和露天礦渣等散體物料陸續(xù)被用作充填物料。通過(guò)對(duì)散體物料力學(xué)特性的研究,為今后進(jìn)一步提高充填開采效果奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。本文從散體物料的基本特性著手,根據(jù)其不連續(xù)的特性引入離散元法進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬來(lái)研究散體充填物料的力學(xué)響應(yīng)。結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)、虛擬實(shí)驗(yàn)參數(shù)標(biāo)定最終確定了數(shù)值模擬中的參數(shù),通過(guò)EDEM軟件模擬了夯實(shí)作用下散體物料的力學(xué)響應(yīng),取得了以下研究成果:(1)通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)測(cè)得散體充填物料的基本特性,再根據(jù)虛擬參數(shù)標(biāo)定實(shí)驗(yàn)得出數(shù)值模擬過(guò)程中散體充填物料的基本參數(shù)。在鋼桶壓實(shí)虛擬標(biāo)定試驗(yàn)中,得出矸石顆粒的本征參數(shù):泊松比為0.19,密度為2670kg/m3,彈性模量為15GPa。在自然安息角虛擬標(biāo)定試驗(yàn)中,得出矸石顆粒模型的恢復(fù)系數(shù)為0.15,靜摩擦系數(shù)為0.44,動(dòng)摩擦系數(shù)為0.05。(2)隨著夯實(shí)機(jī)構(gòu)的夯實(shí)角度不斷增加,散體充填物料的欠接頂量呈現(xiàn)先減小后增加的變化趨勢(shì)。夯實(shí)角度在22°和27°時(shí)散體物料的平均密實(shí)度較為接近且均大于夯實(shí)角度為32°時(shí)的密實(shí)度。因此在夯實(shí)過(guò)程中既要保證夯實(shí)機(jī)構(gòu)的夯實(shí)板完全進(jìn)入料堆,又要保證夯實(shí)角度不宜過(guò)大,以保證夯實(shí)效果提高夯實(shí)效率。(3)隨著散體物料的粒徑不斷增大,散體物料的欠接頂量隨之增大,散體物料的平均密實(shí)度不斷減小。且當(dāng)散體物料粒徑分布為小粒徑和中粒徑時(shí),平均密實(shí)度差距不大。因此在制備散體充填物料時(shí),考慮到破碎成本,建議將其破碎至中粒徑即可,從而既可以提高破碎速度又可以保證密實(shí)度。(4)隨著夯實(shí)機(jī)構(gòu)速度的不斷增加,散體物料的欠接頂量呈現(xiàn)線性增加的趨勢(shì)。夯實(shí)機(jī)構(gòu)速度對(duì)夯實(shí)機(jī)構(gòu)后方散體物料的平均密實(shí)度影響很小,因此可適當(dāng)減小夯實(shí)機(jī)構(gòu)夯實(shí)速度,從而降低泵站壓力減小設(shè)備投入。
[Abstract]:With the development of solid filling coal mining technology and the popularization and application in the whole country, the types of filling materials show a diversified trend, such as aeolian sand, loess, gangue, fly ash and open pit slag, and other granular materials are used as filling materials one after another. Through the study of the mechanical properties of bulk materials, the theoretical foundation is laid for further improving the effect of filling mining in the future. In this paper, the discrete element method is introduced into the numerical simulation to study the mechanical response of the bulk filling material based on the basic characteristics of the bulk material. In combination with the laboratory experiment, the parameters of the virtual experiment are finally determined, and the mechanical response of the bulk material under tamping is simulated by EDEM software. The following research results are obtained: (1) the basic characteristics of the bulk filling material are measured by laboratory tests, and the basic parameters of the bulk filling material are obtained according to the virtual parameter calibration experiment. In the virtual calibration test of steel barrel compaction, the intrinsic parameters of gangue particles are obtained: Poisson's ratio is 0.19, density is 2670 kg / m ~ (3), elastic modulus is 15 GPA. In the virtual calibration test of natural rest angle, the recovery coefficient, static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient of gangue particle model are 0.15, 0.44 and 0.05 respectively. (2) with the ramming angle of the compaction mechanism increasing, the static friction coefficient is 0.44 and the dynamic friction coefficient is 0.05. The amount of underconnected top of bulk filling material decreased first and then increased. When the compaction angle is 22 擄and 27 擄, the average compactness of the bulk material is close and larger than that of the ramming angle of 32 擄. Therefore, in the process of ramming, it is necessary to ensure that the tamping plate of the ramming mechanism enters the pile completely and the angle of the ramming should not be too large, so as to ensure the compaction effect and improve the compaction efficiency. (3) with the increasing of the particle size of the bulk material, The amount of underconnected top of bulk material increases and the average density of bulk material decreases continuously. When the particle size distribution is small and medium, the difference of average density is small. Therefore, in the preparation of bulk filling materials, considering the crushing cost, it is suggested that it should be broken to the medium particle size, which can not only increase the crushing speed but also ensure the compactness. (4) with the increasing of the speed of the ramming mechanism, The amount of underconnected top of bulk material shows a linear increasing trend. The speed of the ramming mechanism has little effect on the average compactness of the bulk material behind the ramming mechanism, so it can reduce the ramming speed of the ramming mechanism and reduce the pressure of the pump station and the input of the equipment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD823.7

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