發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-09 19:47

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)直到21世紀(jì)初,因過(guò)于重視經(jīng)濟(jì)效益而忽視對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生的惡劣影響的事件并不少見(jiàn)。湖南某煤礦自建礦以來(lái),一直采用陷落法管理頂板,由于礦產(chǎn)被開(kāi)采后留下的采空區(qū)不作處理,從而引發(fā)了采空區(qū)上覆區(qū)域產(chǎn)生地表塌陷、道路及房屋開(kāi)裂,池塘干涸,水井干枯等后果,影響當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦恼Ｉ�。本文基于此工程�?shí)例,運(yùn)用解析法、概率積分法和有限元數(shù)值分析方法對(duì)煤礦采空區(qū)地表塌陷的影響范圍進(jìn)行研究。論文主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)通過(guò)前期對(duì)研究區(qū)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研工作,得到礦山的基本情況:采用斜井開(kāi)拓,走向壁式采礦,全部陷落法管理頂板,水文地質(zhì)條件屬簡(jiǎn)單類型,其表層土體工程地質(zhì)性能差,其他巖體屬于中硬~堅(jiān)硬巖體。礦山共分 20m、 55 m、 90 m、 150 m、 200m、 250m、 300m七個(gè)水平;統(tǒng)計(jì)了采空區(qū)情況,空區(qū)分布位置在 150 m~ 300 m水平,空區(qū)的總面積為:181892.43平方米,總體積是685760.28立方米;總結(jié)了此礦山開(kāi)采沉陷危害主要是上覆地表建筑物受損、道路受損和局部地表塌陷3種類型,并據(jù)此繪制了采空區(qū)平面投影的分布圖和基于實(shí)測(cè)的采空區(qū)地表塌陷范圍圖。(2)根據(jù)移動(dòng)盆地特性,本文選擇礦山移動(dòng)角確定移動(dòng)盆地的危險(xiǎn)移動(dòng)邊界,共計(jì)25個(gè)邊界點(diǎn),采用走向移動(dòng)角δ=70°,下山移動(dòng)角β=δ 0.6α,上山移動(dòng)角γ=70°,表層土移動(dòng)角φ=45°代入到公式中,最后得到25個(gè)點(diǎn)的地面塌陷影響半徑在111.80~379.57米之間,將25個(gè)點(diǎn)連線成一個(gè)閉合圈,即是解析法圈定的采空區(qū)塌陷影響范圍。(3)依據(jù)2006年的塌陷影響范圍結(jié)果反演概率積分法所需參數(shù),得到4、6、7煤層tgβ分別是1.58,1.76和1.67,選取23個(gè)邊界點(diǎn)代入,得到地面塌陷影響半徑在169.30~253.95米之間,將23個(gè)點(diǎn)連線成一個(gè)閉合即可圈定地表塌陷影響的范圍。(4)運(yùn)用有限元分析軟件,建立1400m×1300m×500m三維實(shí)體模型,選取摩爾庫(kù)倫準(zhǔn)則,分 150~ 200m、 150~ 250m和 150~ 300m三個(gè)水平進(jìn)行開(kāi)采模擬,在 150~ 300m水平得到地表塌陷區(qū)的影響范圍。(5)綜合三種方法,最終選擇數(shù)值模擬法的結(jié)果為本文采空區(qū)地表塌陷的影響范圍。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up to the beginning of the 21st century, it is not uncommon to neglect the adverse effects on the environment due to too much attention to economic benefits. Since a coal mine was built in Hunan province, the roof has been managed by subsidence method. Because the goaf left after the mining has not been treated, the overlying area of the goaf has caused the surface collapse, the roads and houses cracking, and the pond dried up. Water wells dry up and other consequences, affecting the normal life of local residents. Based on this engineering example, the influence range of surface subsidence in goaf of coal mine is studied by analytic method, probability integration method and finite element numerical analysis method. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) through the field investigation of the research area in the early stage, the basic situation of the mine is obtained: the inclined well development, the wall mining, the roof management by all the subsidence methods, and the simple hydrogeological conditions. The surface soil is of poor engineering geological performance and other rock masses belong to medium hard-hard rock mass. The mine is divided into seven levels: 20 m, 55 m, 90 m, 150 m, 200 m, 250 m, and 300 m. The distribution of the goaf is in the level of 150m ~ 300m, the total area of the empty area is 685760.28 cubic meters, the total area of the empty area is 1: 181892.43 square meters, the total volume of the empty area is 685760.28 cubic meters. This paper summarizes three types of mining subsidence damage in this mine, such as damage of overlying surface buildings, road damage and local surface subsidence. Based on this, the distribution map of the plane projection of the goaf and the area map of the surface collapse in the goaf are drawn. (2) according to the characteristics of the moving basin, this paper selects the moving angle of the mine to determine the dangerous moving boundary of the moving basin, with a total of 25 boundary points. The angle of strike movement is 70 擄, the angle of downhill movement is 尾 = 未 0. 6 偽, the angle of moving up mountain is 70 擄, and the angle of surface soil movement is 45 擄. Finally, the influence radius of ground collapse of 25 points is found to be between 111.800 and 379.57 meters, and the 25 points are connected into a closed circle. (3) according to the parameters of inversion probability integration method of the result of collapse influence range in 2006, we get that the tg 尾 of 4jiao 6jiao 7 coal seam is 1.58% 1.76 and 1.67 respectively, and select 23 boundary points to substitute. The influence radius of ground subsidence is between 169.30 and 253.95 meters, and 23 points are connected into a closed line to delineate the range of surface subsidence. (4) by using finite element analysis software, a three-dimensional solid model of 1400m 脳 1300m 脳 500m is established, and the Moore Coulomb criterion is selected. The mining simulation is carried out at three levels of 150 ~ 200m, 150m ~ 250m and 150m ~ 300m respectively, and the influence range of subsidence area is obtained at the level of 150m ~ 300m. (5) by synthesizing three methods, the result of numerical simulation method is chosen to be the influence range of surface subsidence in goaf in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD327

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：2175127