【摘要】：牙輪鉆機(jī)是露天采礦的重要設(shè)備,其工作效率直接影響采礦產(chǎn)量。鉆架作為牙輪鉆機(jī)的重要工作裝置,主要用于安裝加壓回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)、送桿機(jī)構(gòu)和其它輔助機(jī)構(gòu),保障鉆機(jī)的正常工作。鉆架在工作過程中要承受復(fù)雜的載荷,還要承受各種沖擊和振動(dòng),因此鉆架結(jié)構(gòu)需要有足夠的彎曲強(qiáng)度、良好的扭轉(zhuǎn)強(qiáng)度和一定的抗疲勞能力。本文結(jié)合課題要求,對(duì)鉆架結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了研究,本文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:根據(jù)鉆架的設(shè)計(jì)要求,通過綜合對(duì)比不同牙輪鉆機(jī)鉆架的結(jié)構(gòu),確定了鉆架設(shè)計(jì)方案。根據(jù)已有送桿機(jī)構(gòu)和加壓提升機(jī)構(gòu)的形式和尺寸,對(duì)鉆架內(nèi)部空間進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),并裝配到鉆架上,驗(yàn)證機(jī)構(gòu)是否發(fā)生干涉。按照鉆架的實(shí)際起升情況,對(duì)起落機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析計(jì)算,確定起升力的大小和起升機(jī)構(gòu)的行程。根據(jù)實(shí)際鉆孔環(huán)境,確定了牙輪鉆機(jī)工作參數(shù)。根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)的鉆架結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)鉆架模型進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化,建立力學(xué)和有限元模型。根據(jù)鉆架的實(shí)際工作環(huán)境,確定鉆架的四種典型工況,對(duì)鉆架在多工況下進(jìn)行整體受力分析和靜力學(xué)有限元分析,分析鉆架的變形和應(yīng)力分布情況,校核鉆架的強(qiáng)度和剛度。根據(jù)有限元分析結(jié)果,確定鉆架工作的危險(xiǎn)工況,減少設(shè)計(jì)中的計(jì)算量,為后續(xù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供參考。鉆架是重要的工作裝置,為進(jìn)一步分析其動(dòng)力特性,對(duì)鉆架進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析計(jì)算,得到前十階頻率和固有振型。確定鉆架的主要振源,計(jì)算振源的頻率,檢查振源是否引起鉆架共振,確定引起鉆架振動(dòng)的頻率范圍。在振動(dòng)頻率范圍內(nèi),對(duì)鉆架進(jìn)行諧響應(yīng)振動(dòng)分析,獲得結(jié)構(gòu)的幅頻響應(yīng)曲線和動(dòng)應(yīng)力響應(yīng)規(guī)律,分析振動(dòng)對(duì)鉆架的影響。為鉆機(jī)整體設(shè)計(jì)和鉆架結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供依據(jù)。在靜力學(xué)分析的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)鉆架卡鉆過程進(jìn)行分析,對(duì)鉆架卡鉆過程中的受力情況進(jìn)行了研究,得到鉆架的瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)結(jié)果。根據(jù)卡鉆沖擊的計(jì)算結(jié)果,校核鉆架的強(qiáng)度和剛度,分析鉆架的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)規(guī)律。將瞬態(tài)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析結(jié)果與靜力學(xué)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。確定鉆架工作狀態(tài)下的動(dòng)載荷系數(shù),為后續(xù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供參考。
[Abstract]:Rotary drill is an important equipment in open-pit mining, and its working efficiency directly affects mining output. As an important working device of rotary drilling rig, drill frame is mainly used to install pressurized rotary mechanism, rod feeding mechanism and other auxiliary mechanisms to ensure the normal operation of drilling rig. The drill frame has to bear complicated load and all kinds of shock and vibration in the working process, so the structure of drill frame should have enough bending strength, good torsional strength and certain anti-fatigue ability. The main contents of this paper are as follows: according to the design requirements of drilling frame, the design scheme of drilling frame is determined by comparing the structure of drilling frame of different wheel drilling machine. According to the form and size of the rod feeding mechanism and the pressure lifting mechanism, the internal space of the drill frame is designed and assembled on the drill frame to verify the interference of the mechanism. According to the actual lifting of the drill frame, the lifting mechanism is analyzed and calculated to determine the lifting force and the stroke of the lifting mechanism. According to the actual drilling environment, the working parameters of the rotary drill are determined. According to the designed drill frame structure, the drilling frame model is simplified and the mechanics and finite element models are established. According to the actual working environment of the drill frame, four typical working conditions of the drill frame are determined. The integral force analysis and static finite element analysis of the drill frame under multiple working conditions are carried out, the deformation and stress distribution of the drill frame are analyzed, and the strength and stiffness of the drill frame are checked. According to the results of finite element analysis, the dangerous working conditions of drilling frame are determined, and the calculation amount in design is reduced, which provides a reference for further optimization design. The drill frame is an important working device. In order to further analyze its dynamic characteristics, the first ten frequencies and natural modes of the drill frame are obtained by modal analysis and calculation. The main vibration source of the drill frame is determined, the frequency of the vibration source is calculated, and the frequency range of the vibration source is determined by checking whether the vibration source causes the vibration of the drill frame. In the range of vibration frequency, the harmonic response of the drill frame is analyzed, the amplitude frequency response curve and the dynamic stress response law of the structure are obtained, and the influence of vibration on the drill frame is analyzed. It provides the basis for the whole design of drilling rig and the optimum design of drilling frame structure. On the basis of static analysis, the drilling process of drill frame is analyzed, and the stress of drill frame is studied, and the transient response of drill frame is obtained. The strength and stiffness of the drill frame are checked and the dynamic response law of the drill frame is analyzed according to the calculation results. The results of transient dynamics analysis are compared with those of statics. The dynamic load coefficient under the working state of the drill frame is determined to provide a reference for the subsequent optimization design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD422.1

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本文編號(hào)：2165196