發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-03 13:58

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,人們對(duì)于礦產(chǎn)資源的需求量也在不斷擴(kuò)大,世界各國(guó)也越來(lái)越多地利用露天開(kāi)采方式來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā)礦產(chǎn)資源。工程實(shí)踐表明,由于露天礦的開(kāi)采而引起的巖體移動(dòng)變形對(duì)周邊環(huán)境的影響在不斷加劇,許多礦山開(kāi)發(fā)已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響到了礦區(qū)附近城市的建設(shè)。因此,如何準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)露天礦開(kāi)挖引起的地表移動(dòng)變形影響,并預(yù)測(cè)分析露天礦開(kāi)挖巖體的穩(wěn)定性,就成了本領(lǐng)域的重要工程技術(shù)問(wèn)題之一。本文主要研究在地下水影響下進(jìn)行的露天礦開(kāi)挖而引起的地表移動(dòng)問(wèn)題。在模糊測(cè)度模型基礎(chǔ)上,導(dǎo)出了數(shù)值計(jì)算公式。同時(shí),使用遺傳規(guī)劃方法來(lái)確定模糊測(cè)度模型中的模糊參數(shù)。為了進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證模糊測(cè)度模型用于分析地下水影響下露天礦開(kāi)挖引起地表移動(dòng)變形的可靠性,針對(duì)露天礦山工程實(shí)際,分別采用了模糊測(cè)度法、隨機(jī)介質(zhì)法以及有限單元法進(jìn)行了計(jì)算和對(duì)比分析,理論結(jié)果進(jìn)一步證實(shí)了本文所采用的模糊測(cè)度模型用于分析此類問(wèn)題的優(yōu)越性。在此基礎(chǔ)上,使用模糊測(cè)度模型對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)某露天礦在地下水影響下露天開(kāi)挖引起的地表下沉、地表水平移動(dòng)進(jìn)行了預(yù)測(cè)分析,并根據(jù)地表水平變形對(duì)邊坡穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了具體分析。同時(shí),本文采用了更加適合節(jié)理化巖質(zhì)邊坡的Sarma法對(duì)在地下水影響下的邊坡穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了計(jì)算分析,并與水平變形值進(jìn)行了比較。理論分析結(jié)果表明,模糊測(cè)度模型預(yù)測(cè)地下水影響下露天開(kāi)挖巖體移動(dòng)的結(jié)果符合露天礦山工程實(shí)際。即在邊坡巖體內(nèi)部地下水的影響下,露天礦開(kāi)挖之后,所引起地表移動(dòng)的影響范圍較遠(yuǎn),而這一結(jié)果用經(jīng)典方法是無(wú)法獲得的。本文的研究方法以及所獲結(jié)果對(duì)考慮露天開(kāi)挖環(huán)境影響及其保護(hù)問(wèn)題具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern industry, the demand for mineral resources is also expanding, and more countries in the world use open-pit mining to develop mineral resources. Engineering practice shows that the impact of rock mass movement and deformation caused by open-pit mining on the surrounding environment is increasing, and many mine development has seriously affected the construction of cities near the mining area. Therefore, how to accurately predict the influence of surface movement and deformation caused by open-pit excavation and analyze the stability of excavated rock mass is one of the important engineering technical problems in this field. In this paper, the surface movement caused by open-pit excavation under the influence of groundwater is studied. Based on the fuzzy measure model, the numerical formula is derived. At the same time, genetic programming is used to determine the fuzzy parameters in the fuzzy measure model. In order to further verify the reliability of the fuzzy measurement model used to analyze the surface movement and deformation caused by open-pit mine excavation under the influence of groundwater, the fuzzy measure method is used in the field of open-pit mine engineering. The random medium method and the finite element method are calculated and compared. The theoretical results further confirm the superiority of the fuzzy measure model used in this paper to analyze this kind of problems. On this basis, a fuzzy measure model is used to predict the surface subsidence and horizontal movement caused by open-pit excavation under the influence of underground water, and the slope stability is analyzed concretely according to the horizontal deformation of the surface. At the same time, Sarma method, which is more suitable for rock slope, is used to calculate and analyze the slope stability under the influence of groundwater, and it is compared with the horizontal deformation value. The results of theoretical analysis show that the prediction of rock mass movement under the influence of underground water by fuzzy measure model accords with the practice of open-pit mine engineering. That is, under the influence of underground water in slope rock mass, the influence range of surface movement caused by open-pit mining after excavation is far away, but this result can not be obtained by classical method. The research method and the results obtained in this paper have important practical significance for considering the environmental impact of open-pit excavation and its protection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD325

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本文編號(hào)：2161960