【摘要】：采空區(qū)條帶充填開采方法是針對煤礦充填成本較高、充填材料來源相對不足所提出的一種將膏體膠結(jié)材料部分充入采空區(qū)的方法，是一種綠色開采技術(shù)，并且采空區(qū)條帶充填采煤方法可以很好地保護地表建筑物的安全，該方法是科學(xué)采礦與礦山綠色開采的重要研究方向。本文針對目前采空區(qū)條帶充填開采充填參數(shù)設(shè)計方面的不足，通過理論分析并利用數(shù)值模擬研究了條帶充填采煤技術(shù)的巖層移動機理、條帶充填開采所需充填體彈性模量的大小、條帶充填采煤技術(shù)中條帶充填體寬度與充填體間隔寬度存在的關(guān)系以及兩者的確定方法、地表沉陷預(yù)計的方法，主要工作及成果如下： 針對條帶充填開采的采煤工作面及條帶充填體的布置特點，基于Winkler假設(shè)，將條帶充填體等效為連續(xù)均勻分布的Winkler彈性地基，從而建立條帶充填開采整個采空區(qū)上方頂板巖層彈性地基薄板力學(xué)模型，進而基于能量原理導(dǎo)出了條帶充填開采中采空區(qū)上方的彈性地基板撓度方程表達式，，并通過系統(tǒng)的分析得出主關(guān)鍵層不發(fā)生破斷所需滿足的臨界條件，依據(jù)條帶充填體的簡化關(guān)系式得出主關(guān)鍵層不發(fā)生破斷時所需充填體彈性模量大小以及條帶充填體寬度與充填體間距的關(guān)系式。 通過將兩個條帶充填體上方的關(guān)鍵層考慮成四邊固支的薄板，計算該薄板的破斷距并考慮巖層垮落角從而得出條帶充填體之間的間隔帶寬度為15m；然后，根據(jù)威爾遜兩區(qū)約束理論得出條帶充填體的實際受力大小與其極限強度，并根據(jù)確定充填體寬度的穩(wěn)定性原則、地表變形與充填體布置參數(shù)的協(xié)調(diào)原則、條帶充填體寬度與間距滿足的關(guān)系式確定出條帶充填體的寬度為35m。 根據(jù)條帶充填開采沉陷機理得到地表的最大下沉量主要由充填前頂板移近量、充填欠接頂量、充填條帶的壓縮量、巖柱壓縮量以及關(guān)鍵層的撓度組成，經(jīng)計算得出地表最大下沉量達到341.71mm；地表同關(guān)鍵層是同步協(xié)調(diào)運動，因此關(guān)鍵層的變形量即為地表的變形量，經(jīng)計算得出地表的最大傾斜變形達到1.595mm/m，最大曲率變形為2.67310-5/m，最大水平變形為5.21210-1mm/m，地表建筑物的損壞等級為I級，符合地表建筑物的保護要求。而采用數(shù)值模擬軟件FLAC3D模擬的結(jié)果與理論分析結(jié)果吻合，也能滿足地表建筑物的保護要求。因此，針對曹村礦的地質(zhì)條件采用充填35m間隔15m的方案是可行的。
[Abstract]:The method of strip filling mining in goaf is a kind of green mining technology, which is aimed at the high cost of filling in coal mine and the relatively insufficient source of filling material, which partly fills the goaf with paste cementing material. And the goaf strip filling coal mining method can protect the safety of surface buildings well. This method is an important research direction of scientific mining and green mining. In this paper, aiming at the deficiency in the design of filling parameters of strip filling in goaf at present, the mechanism of strata movement of strip filling mining technology is studied by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The size of the elastic modulus of the backfill needed for strip filling mining, the relationship between the width of the strip filling and the interval width of the backfill in the strip filling mining technology, the methods of determining the two, the method of predicting the surface subsidence, The main work and results are as follows: according to the arrangement characteristics of mining face and strip filling body in strip filling mining, the strip filling body is equivalent to Winkler elastic foundation with continuous and uniform distribution based on Winkler hypothesis. Thus, a mechanical model of elastic foundation thin plate of roof layer above the goaf is established, and the equation of deflection of elastic ground slab above goaf is derived based on the energy principle. And through the systematic analysis, the critical conditions that the main critical layer does not break are obtained. According to the simplified formula of strip filling, the relationship between the elastic modulus of the main key layer and the width of the strip filling and the space between the backfill and the main key layer is obtained. By considering the key layers above the two strip filling bodies into thin plates fixed by four sides, calculating the breaking distance of the thin plates and considering the falling angle of the rock layers, the width of the interval between the strip filling bodies is obtained to be 15 m; then, According to Wilson's two-zone constraint theory, the actual force size and ultimate strength of strip backfill are obtained, and according to the stability principle of determining backfill width, the coordination principle of surface deformation and packing layout parameters, The relationship between the width of strip filling body and the distance is determined that the width of strip filling body is 35 m. According to the subsidence mechanism of strip filling mining, the maximum subsidence of the surface is mainly composed of the roof moving near before filling, the filling underconnecting roof, the compression of filling strip, the compression of rock column and the deflection of key layer. The maximum subsidence is 341.71mm, and the deformation of the critical layer is the deformation of the earth's surface, so the deformation of the critical layer is the deformation of the earth's surface, so the deformation of the critical layer is the deformation of the earth's surface. The results show that the maximum slope deformation is 1.595mm / m, the maximum curvature deformation is 2.67310-5 / m, the maximum horizontal deformation is 5.21210-1mm / m, and the damage grade of the surface buildings is I, which conforms to the protection requirements of the surface buildings. The results of numerical simulation software FLAC3D are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis results, and can also meet the protection requirements of surface buildings. Therefore, according to the geological conditions of Caocun Mine, it is feasible to adopt the scheme of filling 35 m interval 15 m.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD823.7

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