【摘要】：半自磨機(jī)屬于大型磨礦設(shè)備,由于其規(guī)格大,處理能力強(qiáng),工藝流程簡(jiǎn)單,易于實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化等特點(diǎn),被越來越多的大型選礦廠所使用。但也正是因?yàn)槠湟?guī)格大的特點(diǎn),使得半自磨機(jī)筒體襯板磨損過快,需要頻繁的對(duì)其進(jìn)行更換和維修,從而造成半自磨機(jī)作業(yè)率低下的問題。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),采用半自磨回路系統(tǒng)的選礦廠的作業(yè)率都達(dá)不到80%,而采用傳統(tǒng)球磨回路系統(tǒng)的選礦廠的作業(yè)率能達(dá)到95%。因此對(duì)半自磨機(jī)的筒體襯板進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn),以延長(zhǎng)襯板的使用壽命,對(duì)提高半自磨機(jī)的作業(yè)率顯得至關(guān)重要。根據(jù)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)某大型銅礦的調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn),處理量、能耗及產(chǎn)品粒度三個(gè)主要性能指數(shù)都隨著半自磨機(jī)筒體襯板的不斷磨損而有所提高,而磨損后的筒體襯板與球磨機(jī)所使用的波形襯板相似。本文以離散元理論為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合BPM黏結(jié)理論,建立了礦石的BPM黏結(jié)模型,該模型彌補(bǔ)了破碎概率模型適用性差的缺陷,同時(shí)解決了臨界比能法忽略破碎能隨礦石粒度變化的不足,采用該方法可分析襯板的有效碰撞能和黏結(jié)鍵的斷裂數(shù)目。通過將EDEM與ANSYS耦合,對(duì)襯板的等效應(yīng)力及其分布進(jìn)行了研究,解決了 EDEM軟件可視化性能差,處理步驟繁瑣的缺點(diǎn)。采用Archard wear磨損模型分析了襯板的磨損量,該方法可以定性的分析襯板的磨損量和磨損區(qū)域,對(duì)研究襯板的磨損原理,提高襯板磨礦性能和耐磨性能具有重要的價(jià)值和工程意義。通過分析黏結(jié)鍵的斷裂數(shù)目和有效碰撞能量,發(fā)現(xiàn)梯形襯板對(duì)礦石的提升能力更強(qiáng),但波形襯板的破碎效果更好。從靜力學(xué)分析的結(jié)果得知梯形襯板在棱角處和提升條與基底過渡位置易出現(xiàn)應(yīng)力集中,而波形襯板的應(yīng)力分布均勻,且在提升條相同位置處,波形襯板的應(yīng)力遠(yuǎn)小于梯形襯板。從襯板磨損量的分析結(jié)果可知梯形襯板的磨損量更小,使用壽命更長(zhǎng)。結(jié)合以上的研究成果,本文認(rèn)為在設(shè)計(jì)梯形襯板時(shí),應(yīng)將其設(shè)計(jì)成分體式,且棱角處做圓角處理;設(shè)計(jì)波形襯板時(shí),應(yīng)在主提升條的兩側(cè)各添加一個(gè)輔助提升條,輔助提升條的尺寸為主提升條的1/3。同時(shí)為了驗(yàn)證上述設(shè)計(jì)方法的正確性,對(duì)新型襯板和原始襯板進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)新型襯板不論是在磨礦效果還是耐磨性能方面都有較大的提升。
[Abstract]:Semi-autogenous mill is a kind of large-scale grinding equipment, which is used by more and more large concentrators because of its large size, strong processing ability, simple technological process and easy to realize automation. However, it is precisely because of its large specifications that the liner of the semi-self-grinding machine is worn too fast, which needs to be replaced and repaired frequently, resulting in the problem of low working rate of the semi-self-grinding machine. According to statistics, the operation rate of the concentrator using semi-self-grinding loop system is less than 80%, while that of the traditional ball mill circuit system can reach 95%. Therefore, it is very important to improve the structure of the cylinder liner of the semi-self-grinding machine to prolong the service life of the liner and to improve the working rate of the semi-self-grinding machine. Based on the investigation of a large copper mine in China, it is found that the three main performance indices, such as treatment capacity, energy consumption and product granularity, all increase with the continuous wear of the liner plate of the semi-self-grinding machine. The worn cylinder liner is similar to the corrugated liner used in ball mill. Based on discrete element theory and BPM bonding theory, a BPM bonding model of ore is established in this paper. The model makes up for the defect of poor applicability of fracture probability model. At the same time, the shortage of critical specific energy method neglecting the change of breakage energy with the change of ore particle size is solved. The effective impact energy and the number of bond fracture of lining plate can be analyzed by using this method. By coupling EDEM and ANSYS, the equivalent stress and its distribution of liner are studied, which solves the disadvantages of poor visualization performance and tedious processing steps of EDEM software. The wear quantity of liner is analyzed by Archard wear model. This method can qualitatively analyze the wear quantity and wear area of liner. It is of great value and engineering significance to study the wear principle of liner and improve the grinding and wear resistance of liner. By analyzing the number of bond fracture and the effective collision energy, it is found that trapezoid liner has stronger lifting ability to ore, but waveform liner has better crushing effect. The results of statics analysis show that the stress concentration of trapezoidal liner is easy to occur at the corner and the transition position between lifting bar and base, but the stress distribution of corrugated liner is uniform, and the stress of corrugated liner is much smaller than that of trapezoidal liner at the same position of lifting bar. The results show that the wear of trapezoidal liner is smaller and the service life is longer. Combined with the above research results, this paper holds that when designing trapezoidal liner, it should be designed as a split type, and the edges and corners of the plate should be rounded, and when designing the corrugated liner, one auxiliary lifting bar should be added to each side of the main lifting bar. The size of the auxiliary lifting bar is mainly one third of the lift bar. At the same time, in order to verify the correctness of the above design methods, a comparative analysis is made between the new type liner and the original one. It is found that the new type liner has a great improvement in both grinding effect and wear resistance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD453

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