【摘要】：本論文以重慶市某磺硫廠的煉硫廢渣為研究對象,對廢渣的表征特性和電動去除技術(shù)開展專門研究。具體內(nèi)容有:對廢渣的特性進行表征,研究廢渣中Pb和Cd的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)和在電場作用下的遷移影響規(guī)律;研究在三維電極條件下,重金屬的遷移和去除能效變化;分析電動去除重金屬的機理和遷移傳質(zhì)規(guī)律。得到了以下結(jié)論:廢渣樣品中含有多種以氧化物、硅酸鹽相存在的重金屬元素;廢渣樣品呈現(xiàn)弱酸性,電動去除實驗時酸性條件易于重金屬的遷出。浸出毒性實驗結(jié)果表明,釋放的重金屬只是較少的部分,重金屬的釋放應(yīng)是一個長期的積累過程。形態(tài)分析結(jié)果表明,廢渣中Cd比Pb的可提取態(tài)含量百分比更大,Cd更容易釋放進入環(huán)境中。電動去除實驗研究表明,隨著電壓梯度的升高和pH值的減小,廢渣中Pb和Cd的去除率逐步增大,且在相同條件下,Cd的去除率比Pb小。pH值的變化主要影響Pb的酸可提取態(tài),電壓梯度的變化主要影響Pb的可還原態(tài);廢渣中Pb的酸可提取態(tài)和可還原態(tài)是影響Pb電動去除效率的兩個主要因素。電壓梯度的變化和pH值的變化主要影響Cd的可氧化態(tài),對酸可提取態(tài)、可還原態(tài)的影響不大;廢渣中Cd的可氧化態(tài)是影響Cd電動去除效率的主要因素。添加三維電極后:對樣品區(qū)電壓降和pH值的影響不大,電流的變化趨勢也相同,但系統(tǒng)中電流達到最大值的時間縮短約24 h,系統(tǒng)電流變大;Pb和Cd的去除率有顯著提升,其中Pb的最大去除率提高了31.88%,Cd的最大去除率提高了24.5%;廢渣中重金屬的釋放量增加,增強了部分廢渣中重金屬元素由殘渣態(tài)向非殘渣態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移,降低了廢渣中重金屬元素的環(huán)境活性;處理的單位質(zhì)量廢渣的能耗有明顯降低。本論文取得了以下創(chuàng)新性研究成果:(1)首次將形態(tài)分析方法用于硫鐵礦冶煉廢渣中重金屬電動去除過程的研究,提出Pb和Cd電動去除的效能與元素的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)密切相關(guān),為硫鐵礦冶煉廢渣中Pb和Cd釋放遷移的化學(xué)機制研究提供了支撐。(2)根據(jù)表征體內(nèi)質(zhì)量守恒,提出了電動去除過程中重金屬污染物遷移的傳質(zhì)模型,從理論上論述了硫鐵礦冶煉廢渣中Pb和Cd釋放遷移的電動效應(yīng)和物理機制。(3)首次將三維電極技術(shù)應(yīng)用于硫鐵礦冶煉廢渣中重金屬的電動去除,較大程度上提升了重金屬的去除效率并且同時降低了能耗。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the sulfur residue in a sulphur plant in Chongqing is studied. The characteristics of the waste residue and the electric removal technology are studied. The specific contents are as follows: the characterization of the waste residue, the study of the morphology and structure of Pb and Cd in the waste residue and the influence of the migration of the waste in the electric field; and the study of heavy metals under the condition of three-dimensional electrode. Migration and removal of energy efficiency changes; analysis of the mechanism of electrokinetic removal of heavy metals and the law of transfer mass transfer. The following conclusions are obtained: the waste residue contains a variety of heavy metal elements in the presence of oxide and silicate; the waste residue samples are weak acid, and the acid strip is easy to move out of heavy metals in the experiment of electrokinetic removal. The result of the leaching toxicity test result table The release of heavy metals is only a few parts, and the release of heavy metals should be a long-term accumulation process. The results of morphological analysis show that the percentage of Cd in the waste residue is greater than that of Pb, and Cd is easier to release into the environment. The experimental study of electrokinetic removal shows that the Pb and Cd in the waste residue with the increase of voltage gradient and the decrease of the pH value. The removal rate of Cd is gradually increasing, and under the same conditions, the change of the removal rate of Cd is mainly influenced by the small.PH value of the Pb. The change of the voltage gradient mainly affects the reducible state of the Pb. The acid extractable and reducible states of Pb in the waste residue are the two main factors affecting the efficiency of Pb removal. The change of voltage gradient and the change of pH value are the main factors. The oxidizing state mainly affects the oxidizable state of Cd, which has little effect on the extractable state of acid and reducible state. The oxidizable state of Cd in the waste residue is the main factor affecting the efficiency of Cd removal. After adding the three-dimensional electrode, the influence of the voltage drop and the pH value of the sample area is not significant, and the trend of the current is the same, but the time of the maximum current in the system is shortened. About 24 h, the system current becomes larger, the removal rate of Pb and Cd is improved significantly, the maximum removal rate of Pb is increased by 31.88%, the maximum removal rate of Cd is increased by 24.5%, the release of heavy metals in the waste residue increases, and the heavy metal elements in the waste residue are transferred from residue state to non residue state, and the environmental activity of heavy metals in the waste residue is reduced. The energy consumption of unit mass waste is obviously reduced. The following innovative research results are obtained in this paper: (1) the study on the electrokinetic removal of heavy metals in the pyrite smelting waste residue is first studied by the morphological analysis method for the first time. It is suggested that the efficiency of Pb and Cd removal is closely related to the morphological structure of the elements, which is the Pb and C in the pyrite smelting waste residue. The research on the chemical mechanism of D release migration provides support. (2) according to the characterization of the mass conservation in the body, a mass transfer model for the migration of heavy metal pollutants in the process of electrokinetic removal is proposed. The electric effect and the physical mechanism of the release and migration of Pb and Cd in the pyrite smelting waste residue are theoretically discussed. (3) the application of three-dimensional electrode technology to pyrite for the first time The electric removal of heavy metals in smelting slag greatly improves the removal efficiency of heavy metals and reduces energy consumption.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X753

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 胡振光;劉祺;宋功文;;有色金屬冶煉廢渣資源化利用的實踐[J];南方國土資源;2007年03期

2 郭朝暉;程義;柴立元;宋杰;;有色冶煉廢渣的礦物學(xué)特征與環(huán)境活性[J];中南大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2007年06期

3 ;閃速沸騰磁化焙燒回收冶煉廢渣中鐵的方法[J];有色冶金節(jié)能;2010年04期

4 王寧，陸軍，，施捍東;有色金屬工業(yè)冶煉廢渣－鎳渣的綜合利用[J];環(huán)境工程;1994年01期

5 張圣南;陳樸;王雅斌;李波;雷丹;石文;;含碲冶煉廢渣直接高效回收新工藝[J];世界有色金屬;2014年01期

6 房祥華;安蓮英;唐明林;黃碩;;冶煉廢渣中銅、鋅浸出的研究[J];江蘇化工;2008年05期

7 霍紅蘭;;談錫冶煉廢渣綜合利用與發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟[J];企業(yè)科技與發(fā)展;2012年16期

8 李立清,陳麗云,劉精今,李晗東;冶煉廢渣中有價值金屬的綜合回收[J];湖南大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);1998年02期

9 鄭強;馬傳潔;王升平;賴東波;;冶煉廢渣配料改善生料易燒性[J];中國水泥;2008年09期

10 農(nóng)澤喜;王興潤;舒新前;張潔;劉峰;何潔;;含砷冶煉廢渣高溫?zé)Y(jié)過程砷的遷移特性[J];環(huán)境工程學(xué)報;2013年03期

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 祝建國;;鉻礦石冶煉廢渣中砷的氫化物發(fā)生-原子熒光光譜法快速測定初探[A];甘肅省化學(xué)會二十六屆年會暨第八屆中學(xué)化學(xué)教學(xué)經(jīng)驗交流會論文集[C];2009年

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前10條

1 沈環(huán)軒 劉曉東;鹽城破解冶煉廢渣利用難題[N];江蘇經(jīng)濟報;2006年

2 記者 鄧明　白培生 通訊員 李秉鈞 鄺丞才;永興冶煉廢渣將被“吃干榨盡”[N];湖南日報;2010年

3 江君;銅陵有色設(shè)計院冶煉廢渣回收顯著[N];中國有色金屬報;2007年

4 中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)(北京)混凝土與環(huán)境材料研究所 王棟民　趙計輝 王學(xué)光;冶煉廢渣超細(xì)化與活化技術(shù)在水泥中的應(yīng)用[N];中國建材報;2013年

5 ;靠科技求作為 用智慧獻有色[N];銅陵有色報;2010年

6 記者 蘇建平　通訊員 祁進成;西寧工業(yè)固體廢物綜合利用率達91.9%[N];青海日報;2010年

7 馬雪榮;五華城管引進項目變廢為寶[N];昆明日報;2008年

8 本報記者　 陸劍 修鐵鋼;破解冶煉廢渣資源化利用難題[N];新華日報;2006年

9 陸劍 修鐵鋼 高杰;冶煉廢渣資源化利用難題破解[N];中國環(huán)境報;2006年

10 記者 李賀林;科行公司“冶煉廢渣綜合處理成套設(shè)備生產(chǎn)線”列為江蘇省“143工程”重點技術(shù)改造項目[N];中國建材報;2007年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 魯寧;硫鐵礦冶煉廢渣的Pb和Cd釋放遷移規(guī)律研究[D];重慶大學(xué);2016年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 宋紹開;AB_5型稀土儲氫合金冶煉廢渣回收利用的研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué);2010年

本文編號：2153048