【摘要】：隨著淺部資源的逐步枯竭,煤礦工程不斷的向深部推進(jìn),規(guī)模不斷的擴(kuò)大,采場地應(yīng)力及底板承壓水水壓也隨之增大,煤層底板水害問題變得愈加突出。在底板水害中,陷落柱屬于最具有危險(xiǎn)性的大型的隱伏性的災(zāi)害。宿南礦區(qū)目前已經(jīng)有陷落柱揭露以及由此產(chǎn)生的淹井事故,因此開展巖溶陷落柱的探查、評價(jià)與治理研究,對于煤礦的安全生產(chǎn)是十分必要的。根據(jù)宿南礦區(qū)現(xiàn)有的鉆探物探勘探資料以及現(xiàn)場施工情況,對陷落柱的數(shù)目、形態(tài)、揭露方式、出水情況等進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì),分析了陷落柱的發(fā)育與分布特征,探討陷落柱的控制因素;結(jié)合桃園煤礦陷落柱工程治理案例,分析陷落柱探查及其治理的一般過程。主要成果有:(1)宿南礦區(qū)共發(fā)現(xiàn)陷落柱8個(gè),其平面形態(tài)以橢圓形居多,僅一個(gè)似圓形;剖面形態(tài)以圓錐體為主。(2)礦區(qū)內(nèi)陷落柱分為導(dǎo)水和不導(dǎo)水性兩種類型,陷落柱導(dǎo)水性與柱體內(nèi)部充填物膠結(jié)和壓實(shí)程度以及陷落柱冒落高度有關(guān),不導(dǎo)水型陷落柱較導(dǎo)水型陷落柱冒落高度大,且內(nèi)部充填物泥巖類含量較高成分混雜,膠結(jié)壓實(shí)程度較好。(3)宿南礦區(qū)巖溶陷落柱分布與巖溶發(fā)育相似,具有不均勻性,受構(gòu)造、地形、地下水的控制,主要發(fā)育在構(gòu)造應(yīng)力集中、地形低洼、地下水徑流強(qiáng)的區(qū)域。構(gòu)造為其中最主要的控制因素,在構(gòu)造應(yīng)力集中區(qū)成群、成帶分布,且大多數(shù)陷落柱長軸方向與構(gòu)造線方向基本一致。(4)以桃園3#陷落柱治理工程案例為例,總結(jié)了陷落柱治理的一般步驟。生產(chǎn)前采用物探手段圈定異常區(qū),查清陷落柱發(fā)育的邊界、高度、形態(tài)等參數(shù),判定其導(dǎo)水性,后期針對具體情況采用注漿改造、煤柱留設(shè)等工程治理手段,確保煤礦的安全生產(chǎn)。
[Abstract]:With the gradual depletion of shallow resources, the coal mine engineering continues to advance to the deep, the scale of the continuous expansion, mining site stress and bottom pressure water pressure also increases, the coal seam floor water hazard problem becomes more and more prominent. In the bottom water disaster, the collapse column is the most dangerous and large hidden disaster. At present, there are collapse columns exposed in Sunan mining area and the flooding accidents arising therefrom. Therefore, it is very necessary for the safety production of coal mine to carry out the exploration, evaluation and treatment of karst collapse pillars. Based on the existing drilling geophysical exploration data and site construction situation in Sunan mining area, the number, shape, exposure mode and outlet condition of subsided columns are statistically analyzed, and the development and distribution characteristics of collapse columns are analyzed. This paper probes into the controlling factors of the collapse pillar and analyzes the general process of the exploration of the subsided pillar and its treatment in combination with the case of the caving pillar project in Taoyuan coal mine. The main results are as follows: (1) there are 8 collapse columns found in Sunan mining area, whose plane shape is mostly elliptical, only one is round, and the profile is mainly conical. (2) the collapse column in the mining area is divided into two types: water conduction and unconductivity. The water conductivity of the collapse column is related to the cementation and compaction degree of the inner filling of the column and the collapse height of the collapse pillar. The collapse height of the collapsible column of the unguided type is larger than that of the collapse column of the type of water conduction, and the content of mudstone in the inner filling is mixed with each other. (3) the distribution of karst collapse column in Sunan mining area is similar to that of karst development, which is controlled by structure, topography and groundwater, and is mainly developed in areas where tectonic stress is concentrated, topography is low, and groundwater runoff is strong. Structure is the most important controlling factor. It is distributed in clusters and belts in tectonic stress concentration areas, and the direction of the long axis of most collapse columns is basically the same as the direction of structural lines. (4) A case study of the Taoyuan fall column treatment project is taken as an example. The general steps of treatment of collapse column are summarized. Before production, geophysical exploration is used to delineate abnormal areas, to find out the boundary, height, shape and other parameters of the development of subsided columns, and to determine its water conductivity. In the latter stage, engineering treatment means such as grouting transformation and coal pillar retaining are adopted in the light of specific conditions. Ensure the safety of coal mine production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD745

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