本文選題：寬孔距小抵抗線爆破 + 臨近邊坡小孔徑緩沖減震爆破　； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著尖山磷礦露天開采范圍的擴大,礦山生產(chǎn)壓力越來越大,亟待改進生產(chǎn)爆破和削坡卸載爆破技術(shù),提高爆破效率,維護東采區(qū)高邊坡完整穩(wěn)定。論文結(jié)合《鄰近高陡邊坡和村莊的復(fù)雜礦巖露天分層爆破技術(shù)的研究開發(fā)》課題展開試驗研究,從2013年9月至2014年12月,歷時1年多,在現(xiàn)場進行了多次寬孔距小抵抗線爆破試驗,并結(jié)合礦山邊坡二次削坡卸載進行了臨近邊坡小孔徑緩沖減震爆破技術(shù)的研究。論文基于尖山磷礦現(xiàn)場爆破實踐,設(shè)計出8x4m的寬孔距小抵抗線爆破方案,并進行了五次現(xiàn)場試驗,效果良好：大塊率降低10%～15%,大塊的最大外形尺寸減小,實測振動速度基本沒有增大,根底和超挖現(xiàn)象較少,采場底板較為平整,延米爆破量提高了16.4%,改善了爆破效果,提高了礦山的生產(chǎn)效率。針對尖山磷礦邊坡的實際情況,提出了適合邊坡削坡卸載的臨近邊坡小孔徑緩沖減震爆破技術(shù)方案,加快了削坡卸載速度,同時有效保護了坡面平整和邊坡安全,可節(jié)約預(yù)裂孔穿爆費用和后期破碎費用約200萬元。該技術(shù)也可應(yīng)用于以后的靠幫生產(chǎn)爆破,保護邊坡完整穩(wěn)定。基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA軟件對不同寬孔距小抵抗線爆破方案進行了數(shù)值模擬計算,驗證了孔網(wǎng)參數(shù)8x4m的爆破方案合理可行。對邊坡進行爆前爆后聲波測試對比,結(jié)果表明爆破對邊坡巖體幾乎沒有損傷；建立了以聲速變化為特征的巖體爆破累積損傷數(shù)學(xué)模型,可對后續(xù)爆破造成的巖體損傷進行估算。
[Abstract]:With the expansion of the scope of opencast mining in Jianshan phosphate mine, the pressure of mine production is becoming more and more serious. It is urgent to improve the production blasting and slope unloading blasting technology, improve the blasting efficiency and maintain the integrity and stability of the high slope in the east mining area. The study, from September 2013 to December 2014, lasted for more than 1 years, carried out several wide hole distance small resistance line blasting tests on the site, and combined with the two slop unloading of the mine slope to study the small aperture buffer blasting technology near the slope. Based on the blasting practice in Jianshan Phosphate Mine, the paper designed a 8x4m wide hole distance small resistance line blasting. Five field tests have been carried out and the results are good: the mass rate is reduced by 10% to 15%, the maximum size of the large block is reduced, the measured vibration speed is basically not increased, the bottom and the over excavation are less, the bottom floor is more flat, the blasting quantity of the rice is increased by 16.4%, the blasting effect is improved and the production efficiency of the mine is improved. The production efficiency of the mine is improved. The production efficiency of the mine is improved. The production efficiency of the mine is improved in Jianshan. The actual situation of the phosphate rock slope is proposed, which is suitable for the slope and unloading near the slope and small aperture buffer blasting technique. It can accelerate the speed of cutting and unloading, and effectively protect the slope surface leveling and slope safety. It can save the cost of pre splitting Kong Chuan explosion and the later breakage cost about 2 million yuan. This technology can also be used in the future. Based on the ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, the numerical simulation calculation of the small resistance line blasting scheme with different wide spacing is carried out based on the software. The blasting scheme of the hole network parameter 8x4m is proved to be reasonable and feasible. The results show that the blasting has almost no damage to the rock slope after blasting. The mathematical model of cumulative damage of rock mass with fast changing characteristics can be used to estimate rock damage caused by subsequent blasting.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD235;TD871.3

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