本文選題：永城介石煤 + 煤巖組成�。� 參考：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：永城礦區(qū)的洗精煤具有低灰、低硫、高發(fā)熱量的特點(diǎn),大塊的精煤可以作為直接氣化的原料;細(xì)顆粒則用來發(fā)電,用作高爐噴吹。塊精煤中夾雜著一種介石煤,造成精煤質(zhì)量下降,其質(zhì)量介于精煤和矸石之間,密度較接近精煤,其中次生礦物與煤混合較均勻,而且質(zhì)地緊密,不容易被破碎,容易造成塊精煤的灰熔點(diǎn)降低、同時(shí)伴有結(jié)渣現(xiàn)象,但發(fā)熱量相對(duì)較高,具有較高的利用價(jià)值。因此需通過合理有效的手段對(duì)介石煤進(jìn)行分選。煤是由多種顯微組分組成的混合物,對(duì)介石煤與塊精煤的成分進(jìn)行分析時(shí)可以得出:介石煤中鏡質(zhì)組含量為76.95%,塊精煤中鏡質(zhì)組含量為95.35%,二者相差較大。本文針對(duì)介石煤的性質(zhì),采用破碎解離的手段將介石煤破碎到不同粒度上限,通過煤樣破碎試驗(yàn)研究煤和煤巖顯微組分的破碎性能。重液浮沉試驗(yàn)可以分選出富鏡質(zhì)組的低密度煤樣及惰質(zhì)組相對(duì)富集的高密度煤樣,結(jié)合顯微煤巖組分分析研究表明:介石煤主要分布在1.5-1.6 g/cm3密度級(jí),隨著破碎粒度變小,解離粒度逐漸加深,鏡質(zhì)組含量從未破碎解離前的76.95%上升到破碎后的86.29%,惰質(zhì)組分的含量則從17.70%降低到9.42%,惰質(zhì)組含量降低明顯,這說明外力的破碎解離使煤中的煤巖組分產(chǎn)生了解離,各顯微組分間由緊密嵌布的狀態(tài)逐漸解離成分散的單體狀態(tài),并在重液浮沉作用下實(shí)現(xiàn)富集。對(duì)破碎至0.5mm以下的介石煤樣進(jìn)行浮選試驗(yàn)和分步釋放試驗(yàn),探索在不同藥劑制度條件下介石煤的最佳浮選條件以及在相同藥劑制度條件下,浮選機(jī)與浮選柱浮選效果的比較。通過浮選可以實(shí)現(xiàn)鏡質(zhì)組分的相對(duì)富集,從介石煤的浮選探索試驗(yàn)看出:通過浮選從煤中可以分離富集部分有機(jī)顯微組分,但是精煤產(chǎn)率不高,鏡質(zhì)組分富集程度較低。通過破碎解離、重液分離以及浮選的方法可以實(shí)現(xiàn)有機(jī)顯微組分的相對(duì)富集。將介石煤從塊精煤中分離出來并加以利用,提高資源利用效率,對(duì)提高精煤質(zhì)量和增加煤礦經(jīng)濟(jì)效益具有非常重要的意義。
[Abstract]:The clean coal in Yongcheng mining area has the characteristics of low ash, low sulfur and high calorific value. The bulk coal can be used as raw material for direct gasification, while fine particles can be used for power generation and blast furnace injection. There is a kind of mesite coal mixed in the block clean coal, which causes the quality of the clean coal to decrease, its quality is between the clean coal and the gangue, the density is close to that of the clean coal, and the secondary mineral and coal are mixed more evenly, and the texture is close, so it is not easy to be broken. It is easy to cause ash melting point of block coal to decrease, accompanied by slagging phenomenon, but the calorific value is relatively high, so it has higher utilization value. Therefore, it is necessary to separate mesite coal by reasonable and effective means. Coal is a mixture composed of many macerals. It can be concluded that the vitrinite content in the mesite coal is 76.95, the vitrinite content in the block coal is 95.35, and the difference between them is great. In this paper, according to the properties of mesite coal, the breaking and dissociation method is used to crush the mesite coal to different upper limits of particle size, and the crushing properties of coal and coal rock macerals are studied by coal sample crushing test. The low-density coal samples with rich vitrinite and the high-density coal samples with relative enrichment in inertinite group can be separated by heavy liquid floatation test. The results of microscopic coal composition analysis show that mesite coal mainly distributes in the density order of 1.5-1.6 g/cm3, and decreases with the crushing granularity. The content of vitrinite increased from 76.95% before fragmentation to 86.29% after fragmentation, and the content of inertinite decreased from 17.70% to 9.42%, and the content of inertinite decreased obviously. This indicates that the break-up and dissociation of the external forces lead to the dissociation of the coal and rock components in the coal, and the microscopic components are gradually dissociated from the closely embedded state into the dispersed monomer state and enriched under the action of heavy liquid floatation. Flotation tests and stepwise release tests were carried out on mesite coal samples broken to 0.5mm. The optimum flotation conditions of mesite coal under different reagent systems and the comparison of flotation effect between flotation machine and flotation column under the same reagent system were explored. The relative enrichment of vitrinite components can be realized by flotation. From the flotation experiments of mesite coal, it can be seen that some organic macerals can be separated and enriched from coal by flotation, but the yield of clean coal is not high and the enrichment degree of vitrinite component is low. The relative enrichment of organic macerals can be realized by means of crushing and dissociation, heavy liquid separation and flotation. It is of great significance for improving the quality of clean coal and increasing the economic benefit of coal mine to separate and utilize the mesite coal from the block coal to improve the efficiency of resource utilization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD94

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本文編號(hào)：2102679