本文選題：粉煤灰 + 旋轉(zhuǎn)摩擦電選��； 參考：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,火力發(fā)電廠多采用燃煤發(fā)電,產(chǎn)生大量粉煤灰,造成很大的環(huán)境污染。為降低粉煤灰大量堆積引起的污染,減少粉煤灰中包含的有用資源的浪費(fèi),其綜合利用也越來(lái)越引起人們的關(guān)注,本論文用旋轉(zhuǎn)摩擦電選對(duì)粉煤灰進(jìn)行了脫碳加工方面的研究。摩擦電選能夠有效地分選小于74μm不同性質(zhì)的礦物顆粒,粉煤灰中碳和灰顆粒通過(guò)自摩擦以及與摩擦材料間的摩擦,分別帶上不同極性的電荷,從而在靜電場(chǎng)中可以實(shí)現(xiàn)分選。該方法干法操作、工藝簡(jiǎn)單、不需要龐大的廢水處理及產(chǎn)品脫水系統(tǒng),受到越來(lái)越多的研究人員關(guān)注。本論文綜述了電選的理論基礎(chǔ)和粉煤灰電選技術(shù);對(duì)粉煤灰樣品基本性質(zhì)進(jìn)行了測(cè)定,并對(duì)不同粒級(jí)的電性質(zhì)進(jìn)行了分析;進(jìn)行了對(duì)粉煤灰脫碳分選效果有一定影響的包括給料速度、摩擦輪轉(zhuǎn)速、進(jìn)風(fēng)風(fēng)速、矯正流風(fēng)速等7個(gè)因素的單因素試驗(yàn);以單因素試驗(yàn)結(jié)果為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行了因素水平優(yōu)化試驗(yàn),確定了最佳試驗(yàn)條件。粉煤灰中未燃盡碳和灰的電性質(zhì)研究證明:顆粒越小,未燃盡碳和灰的電阻率越大、介電常數(shù)越小,摩擦帶電過(guò)程中電子回流小,摩擦帶電荷質(zhì)比大,有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)分選;反之,則不利于實(shí)現(xiàn)摩擦電選。單因素試驗(yàn)表明:充電電壓對(duì)分選效果影響最不明顯,給料速度影響較明顯,其余的進(jìn)風(fēng)風(fēng)速、摩擦輪轉(zhuǎn)速、矯正流風(fēng)速、極板電壓及收集室寬度5個(gè)因素則影響明顯,各因素最佳水平按前面介紹順序?yàn)?0KV、1.38g/s、2.0m/s、4400r/min、3m/s、-35KV、(1,2,3cm);分析優(yōu)化試驗(yàn)結(jié)果認(rèn)為:負(fù)極板產(chǎn)物產(chǎn)率、燒失量及脫碳效率指數(shù)三個(gè)響應(yīng)值都適宜采用二次方程模型進(jìn)行擬合,模型中同一因素對(duì)不同響應(yīng)值的顯著性有所差別,但E始終是對(duì)各響應(yīng)值影響最顯著的,最佳試驗(yàn)條件為(由A到E)1.2m/s、5050r/min、2.0m/s、-35KV、(1,2,3cm)。
[Abstract]:At present, coal-fired power generation is mostly used in thermal power plants, resulting in a large amount of fly ash, resulting in great environmental pollution. In order to reduce the pollution caused by mass accumulation of fly ash and to reduce the waste of useful resources contained in fly ash, the comprehensive utilization of fly ash has attracted more and more attention. Friction electroseparation can effectively separate mineral particles with different properties less than 74 渭 m. Carbon and ash particles in fly ash can carry different polarity charges through self-friction and friction with friction materials, thus the separation can be realized in electrostatic field. This method has been paid more and more attention because of its simple process and no need for large wastewater treatment and product dehydration system. In this paper, the theoretical basis of electroseparation and the technology of fly ash electroseparation are summarized, the basic properties of fly ash samples are determined, and the electrical properties of different particle levels are analyzed. The single factor tests including feed speed, friction wheel speed, inlet wind speed and corrected flow velocity were carried out on the basis of the results of the single factor test, and the factor level optimization tests were carried out based on the results of the single factor test, which had certain influence on the decarburization effect of fly ash, including feed speed, friction wheel speed, inlet wind speed and rectified flow velocity. The optimum test conditions are determined. The study on the electrical properties of unburned carbon and ash in fly ash shows that the smaller the particle size, the greater the resistivity of unburned carbon and ash, the smaller the dielectric constant, the smaller the electron reflux in the process of friction charging, and the larger the charge / mass ratio of friction band, which is beneficial to the separation. It is not conducive to the realization of friction electrical separation. The single factor test shows that the charge voltage has the least effect on the sorting effect, the feed speed is more obvious, and the other five factors, such as inlet wind speed, friction wheel speed, corrected flow velocity, plate voltage and collecting chamber width, have obvious effects on the separation efficiency. The optimum level of each factor is as follows: 1.38g / s = 2.0m / s / s = 4400r / min / min ~ 3m / min ~ (-3) KV, (1 / 2 ~ 3cm). The results of the optimization test show that the three response values of negative plate product yield, loss of burning and decarbonization efficiency index are all fitted by quadratic equation model. In the model, the same factor had different significance to different response values, but E always had the most significant influence on each response value. The best test condition was 1.2 m / s / s 50 ~ (50) r / min ~ (2.0) m / s ~ (-1) / s ~ (35) KV, (1 / 2 ~ (3) cm).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD94

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