本文選題：多繩摩擦提升機(jī) + 鋼絲繩　； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著淺表礦井資源的日趨枯竭及對(duì)資源需求程度的不斷增加，重載、深井、高提速多繩摩擦提升礦井勢(shì)必成為未來(lái)礦山生產(chǎn)的主導(dǎo)。這種礦井提升鋼絲繩的載荷工況更加復(fù)雜，出現(xiàn)事故的概率更大，對(duì)提升鋼絲繩力學(xué)性能也提出了更高的要求。現(xiàn)實(shí)中，人們對(duì)提升鋼絲繩的力學(xué)性能的掌握大都來(lái)自現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用總結(jié)或試驗(yàn)研究，為其制作、選用及應(yīng)用給出的指導(dǎo)作用有限；且提升鋼絲繩調(diào)換環(huán)節(jié)的不合理對(duì)其產(chǎn)生了不利影響，這些因素一定程度上降低了提升鋼絲繩的力學(xué)性能及使用安全系數(shù)。因此，對(duì)以上各環(huán)節(jié)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究進(jìn)而有效提高提升鋼絲繩乃至整個(gè)提升系統(tǒng)的安全性具有重要現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文從提升鋼絲繩材質(zhì)、制作方式、特殊載荷形式等方面對(duì)其力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行了理論分析，結(jié)合調(diào)換繩環(huán)節(jié)存在的難題，分別提出了改善其力學(xué)性能的理論方法及技術(shù)方案。 從提升鋼絲繩的結(jié)構(gòu)特性角度分析了提高其力學(xué)性能的方法。應(yīng)用Materials studio軟件分析了C、Mn元素對(duì)鋼絲材質(zhì)力學(xué)性能的影響，為改善提升鋼絲繩的力學(xué)性能提供了一種理論計(jì)算方法。對(duì)提升鋼絲繩的繩股斷面、捻制方式及鍍鋅工藝與其應(yīng)用工況的匹配性進(jìn)行了理論分析，得出合理的選擇提升鋼絲繩的類型可以有效地提高其力學(xué)性能。 基于提升鋼絲繩結(jié)構(gòu)特性分析了其在拉伸時(shí)的拉伸扭轉(zhuǎn)載荷、絲股應(yīng)力分布不均、周期交變載荷等力學(xué)特性，為深入分析提升鋼絲繩正常承載時(shí)的力學(xué)性能提供理論指導(dǎo)。從提升鋼絲繩維護(hù)角度分析了影響其力學(xué)性能的關(guān)鍵因素，結(jié)果表明潤(rùn)滑太少、換繩方式不合理及張力調(diào)節(jié)不當(dāng)?shù)榷紩?huì)在一定程度上降低提升鋼絲繩力學(xué)性能，并提出提升鋼絲繩更換與張力調(diào)節(jié)是所需解決的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。 基于提升鋼絲繩的扭轉(zhuǎn)特性，結(jié)合實(shí)例定量分析了“新舊繩捆綁”換繩方法所產(chǎn)生附加扭轉(zhuǎn)載荷對(duì)提升鋼絲繩的危害程度，分析結(jié)果得出，附加扭轉(zhuǎn)載荷使提升鋼絲繩內(nèi)部鋼絲的最大應(yīng)力值增加了約20%，且礦井越深，這種附加扭轉(zhuǎn)載荷的危害越大。通過(guò)對(duì)消除附加扭轉(zhuǎn)換繩裝置方案論證，基于“液壓打開(kāi)，機(jī)械鎖緊”的夾繩機(jī)理和“管線成型”式的送繩原理，研發(fā)了連續(xù)小沖擊換繩裝置；應(yīng)用ADMAS軟件對(duì)其進(jìn)行了仿真試驗(yàn)分析，，并結(jié)合消除附加扭轉(zhuǎn)換繩裝置的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)情況，驗(yàn)證了連續(xù)小沖擊換繩裝置能夠安全釋放舊繩扭轉(zhuǎn)應(yīng)力，送繩環(huán)節(jié)實(shí)現(xiàn)多繩同步，動(dòng)作平穩(wěn)、安全。 通過(guò)對(duì)提升鋼絲繩張力平衡影響因素及事故案例分析得出目前張力不平衡產(chǎn)生的主要因素是調(diào)節(jié)不當(dāng)所引起的各繩長(zhǎng)度偏差。在對(duì)夾繩機(jī)構(gòu)“自鎖”機(jī)理和總體方案對(duì)比論證的基礎(chǔ)上，研發(fā)了一套能夠適應(yīng)各種工況（尤其重載深井工況）的提升鋼絲繩快速調(diào)節(jié)裝置。ANSYS/LS-DYNA仿真和試驗(yàn)結(jié)果都驗(yàn)證了裝置夾繩機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工業(yè)性試驗(yàn)表明了該裝置能夠高效、安全完成對(duì)提升鋼絲繩的調(diào)節(jié)，有效消除各繩間的張力不平衡。 綜上所述，本文基于對(duì)提升鋼絲繩力學(xué)性能及影響因素的分析，提出了有效提高其力學(xué)性能的理論方法及技術(shù)方案。對(duì)提高提升鋼絲繩的安全性及適應(yīng)未來(lái)礦井的需求，具有較好的現(xiàn)實(shí)與長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)戰(zhàn)略意義。
[Abstract]:With the exhaustion of shallow surface mine resources and the increasing degree of demand for resources, heavy load, deep well, high speed multi rope friction lifting mine will be the leading mine production. The load condition of the hoisting steel rope is more complex, the probability of accident is greater, and the mechanical performance of the hoisting steel rope is also higher. In reality, the mastery of the mechanical properties of the hoisting steel rope mostly comes from the field application summary or experimental research, which has limited guidance function for its production, selection and application, and the unfavourable effect on the lifting of the wire rope change link has had a negative effect on it. These factors reduce the force of the wire rope to a certain extent. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the key technology of the above links and to improve the safety of the hoisting steel rope and even the whole lifting system. This paper analyzes the mechanical properties of the hoisting wire rope, the making way, the special load form and so on, and combines the change rope with the change rope. The theoretical and technical methods to improve its mechanical properties are put forward respectively.
The method of improving the mechanical properties of the hoisting wire rope is analyzed from the angle of the structural characteristics of the hoisting rope. The effect of C and Mn on the mechanical properties of steel wire is analyzed by Materials Studio software. A theoretical calculation method is provided for improving the mechanical properties of the hoisting wire rope. A theoretical analysis is made of its matching with working conditions. It is concluded that reasonable selection of the type of hoisting rope can effectively improve its mechanical properties.
Based on the structural characteristics of hoisting wire rope, the mechanical properties such as tensile torsion load, uneven distribution of stress distribution in silk strand and periodic alternating load are analyzed. The theoretical guidance is provided to analyze the mechanical properties of the hoisting steel rope during the normal loading. The key factors affecting the mechanical properties of the hoisting wire rope are analyzed, and the results are analyzed. It is shown that too little lubrication, unreasonable rope changing and improper tension adjustment will reduce the mechanical properties of hoisting wire rope to a certain extent, and put forward that the key link to be solved is the change of hoisting rope and tension adjustment.
Based on the torsional characteristics of the hoisting wire rope, the damage degree of the additional torsion load on the hoisting wire rope produced by the new and old rope binding method is quantitatively analyzed by an example. The result shows that the maximum stress value of the steel wire inside the hoisting rope is increased by about 20%, and the deeper the mine is, the additional torsion load is made. The damage is greater. Through the demonstration of the scheme to eliminate the additional twisted rope device, based on the mechanism of "hydraulic opening, mechanical locking" and the principle of "pipeline forming", the continuous small impact rope changing device is developed. The simulation test and analysis of the device are carried out with ADMAS software, and the site of the installation of the additional twisted rope device is eliminated. The test results verify that the continuous small impact rope changing device can release the torsional stress of the old rope safely, and the rope delivery links achieve multi rope synchronization, and the movement is stable and safe.
Through the analysis of the factors affecting the tension balance of the hoisting rope and the case of accident, it is concluded that the main factor of the current tension imbalance is the deviation of the length of the rope caused by improper adjustment. On the basis of the mechanism of "self locking" and the general scheme of the rope clamping mechanism, a set of different working conditions (especially heavy loading deep wells) has been developed. The.ANSYS/LS-DYNA simulation and test results of the hoisting wire rope fast adjusting device verify the rationality of the design of the clamping rope mechanism. The field industrial test shows that the device can efficiently and safely adjust the hoisting rope and effectively eliminate the tension imbalance between the rope.
To sum up, based on the analysis of the mechanical properties and influencing factors of the hoisting wire rope, this paper puts forward the theoretical method and technical scheme to effectively improve the mechanical properties of the wire rope, which is of good practical and long-term significance to improve the safety of the hoisting rope and adapt to the needs of the future mine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD532

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