基于雙敏感模式的全量程甲烷檢測(cè)儀設(shè)計(jì)
本文選題:全量程 + 甲烷 ; 參考:《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文
【摘要】:礦井瓦斯監(jiān)測(cè)一直是我國煤礦安全工作的重點(diǎn)。催化燃燒式氣體傳感器具有靈敏度高、響應(yīng)速度快、成本低廉等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。但在檢測(cè)高濃度甲烷時(shí),催化反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的熱量過大會(huì)導(dǎo)致傳感器發(fā)生高濃度沖擊問題,同時(shí)存在二值性問題。并且不合理設(shè)計(jì)使催化敏感元件在高濃度甲烷氣體中燃燒,導(dǎo)致敏感元件損壞,甚至引起瓦斯爆炸。因此,礦用全量程甲烷檢測(cè)技術(shù)研究對(duì)提高礦井瓦斯監(jiān)測(cè)產(chǎn)品的穩(wěn)定性以及安全生產(chǎn)具有重要意義。本設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)催化燃燒式氣體傳感器進(jìn)行了理論分析和測(cè)量方法研究,對(duì)敏感元件的催化燃燒特性和熱傳導(dǎo)特性進(jìn)行了熱效應(yīng)理論分析,研究并確定數(shù)據(jù)處理數(shù)學(xué)模型,提出了基于雙敏感模式的全量程甲烷檢測(cè)方法。本文根據(jù)甲烷檢測(cè)儀的功能要求與設(shè)計(jì)的參數(shù)指標(biāo),對(duì)全量程甲烷檢測(cè)儀的檢測(cè)算法方法進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析,并進(jìn)行零點(diǎn)漂移和靈敏度衰減補(bǔ)償,最終得到低濃度和高濃度甲烷氣體的具體解決方案。配合使用的恒溫供電方式使傳感器更加穩(wěn)定、可靠的工作。該檢測(cè)儀在硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)有單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng)電路、電源管理電路、信號(hào)放大電路、參比源電路、紅外接收電路、以及數(shù)據(jù)輸出顯示電路。基于這些電路設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行電路調(diào)試。檢測(cè)儀的系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)包括:主程序、濃度數(shù)據(jù)采集處理程序、遙控器解碼程序、標(biāo)定程序、按鍵服務(wù)程序等。本文對(duì)基于雙敏感模式的甲烷檢測(cè)儀進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)調(diào)試,對(duì)傳感器受環(huán)境溫度的影響做了初步測(cè)試,進(jìn)行了甲烷溫度、靈敏度補(bǔ)償前后對(duì)比測(cè)試。結(jié)果表明:檢測(cè)儀檢測(cè)精度高,抗干擾能力顯著增強(qiáng),設(shè)備使用易于檢修維護(hù),實(shí)現(xiàn)了采用單一催化燃燒式傳感器進(jìn)行全量程甲烷檢測(cè)。
[Abstract]:Mine gas monitoring has been the focus of coal mine safety work in China. Catalytic combustion gas sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, fast response and low cost. However, the excessive heat generated by the catalytic reaction leads to the high concentration impact of the sensor and the binarity problem in the detection of high concentration methane. And the improper design causes the catalytic sensitive element to burn in the high concentration methane gas, resulting in the damage of the sensing element and even the gas explosion. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the stability and safety of mine gas monitoring products. In this paper, the theoretical analysis and measurement method of catalytic combustion gas sensor are carried out, and the thermal effects of catalytic combustion and heat conduction of the sensor are analyzed theoretically, and the mathematical model of data processing is studied and determined. A full range methane detection method based on double sensitive mode is proposed. In this paper, according to the function requirement of methane detector and the parameter index of design, the detection algorithm method of full range methane detector is analyzed in detail, and the zero drift and sensitivity attenuation compensation are carried out. Finally, the specific solution of low concentration and high concentration methane gas is obtained. The combined use of constant temperature power supply makes the sensor more stable and reliable. The hardware circuit of the instrument is designed as follows: single chip microcomputer minimum system circuit, power management circuit, signal amplifier circuit, reference source circuit, infrared receiving circuit, and data output display circuit. The circuit is debugged based on these circuit designs. The system software design includes: main program, concentration data acquisition and processing program, remote control decoding program, calibration program, key service program and so on. In this paper, the methane detector based on double sensitive mode has been tested in laboratory, and the sensor has been preliminarily tested under the influence of ambient temperature, and the methane temperature has been compared before and after sensitivity compensation. The results show that the detection accuracy of the detector is high, the anti-interference ability is obviously enhanced, and the equipment is easy to be repaired and maintained. A single catalytic combustion sensor is used to detect methane in full range.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:TD712.55;TP212.9
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