本文選題：急傾斜特厚煤層 + 殘留煤柱��； 參考：《西安科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：新疆是國家規(guī)劃建設的第十四個高起點、高標準、高效益的億噸級大型煤炭基地,也是“一帶一路”經(jīng)濟帶規(guī)劃建設的主體能源基地。由神華新疆能源有限責任公司主采的烏魯木齊礦區(qū)急傾斜復雜難采特厚煤層占世界急傾斜煤層儲量的30%。煤炭資源賦存環(huán)境復雜(45°~87°),安全開采難度極大,動力災害頻發(fā)。堿溝煤礦B3-6煤層屬急傾斜特厚煤層(87°),采用水平分段綜采放頂煤回采方法回收頂煤,段高24m。+495水平B3-6回采工作面通過上覆結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸為長·寬·高(120m·50m·108m)的殘留煤柱。工作面經(jīng)過煤柱時在開采擾動作用下形成復雜的空間結(jié)構(gòu)——工作面夾持于頂、巖柱及殘留煤柱之間,圍巖在靜-動載荷作用下極易誘發(fā)動力災害。通過理論分析認為殘留煤柱誘發(fā)動力災害主要有以下三點:a.煤柱夾持于頂?shù)装逯g造成水平應力集中從而引起剪應力大大增加,使煤柱易發(fā)生剪切破壞;b.煤柱的存在使得B3-6煤層與B1-2煤層中間巖柱內(nèi)部應力增大,煤柱內(nèi)部應力與巖柱自重G、水平應力q0及煤柱段高h0呈正相關;c.在走向方向煤柱受工作面采動影響,煤柱內(nèi)部集中應力與工作面超前支承應力互相疊加,使得在殘留煤柱危險范圍內(nèi),工作面前方應力大大增加。采用數(shù)值模擬分析煤柱未受采動和采動影響下煤柱內(nèi)部應力變化情況,得出:在殘留煤柱前方60~120m處、0~60m處,-60~0m處工作面支架頂部應力具有明顯的分區(qū)特性,應力平穩(wěn)區(qū)(60~120m處)、應力過渡區(qū)(0~60m處)、應力疊加區(qū)(-60~0m),在應力過渡區(qū)與應力疊加區(qū)應力集中明顯,受采動影響極易誘發(fā)動力災害。通過在石門內(nèi)布置扇形注水、爆破孔;+495B3巷布置高階段超前爆破孔;正常的超前預裂注水、爆破孔;巖柱預裂注水、爆破孔及頂板深孔預裂爆破孔。對煤柱危險區(qū)域充分卸壓,實現(xiàn)工作面安全、高效通過殘留煤柱危險區(qū)域。本研究對于實現(xiàn)急傾斜特厚煤層工作面過殘留煤柱安全高效開采及巖柱穩(wěn)定性控制具有指導意義。
[Abstract]:Xinjiang is the 14th high starting point, high standard and high benefit large coal base of national planning and construction. It is also the main energy base of "Belt and Road" economic belt planning and construction. Urumqi mining area, mainly produced by Shenhua Xinjiang Energy Co., Ltd, accounts for 30% of the world's steep seam reserves. The complex environment of coal resources is 45 擄/ 87 擄/ m, the difficulty of safe mining is great, and the dynamic disasters occur frequently. The coal bed B3-6 of Jiegou coal mine belongs to the steep inclined and super thick coal seam (87 擄). The top coal is recovered by using the method of level sublevel fully mechanized caving, the height of the section is 24m. 495 horizontal B3-6 mining face passes through the residual coal pillar with overburden structure size of 120m 50m 108m. When the coal face passes through the coal pillar, the complex spatial structure is formed under the action of mining disturbance-the face is clamped in the roof, the rock pillar and the residual coal pillar, the surrounding rock is easy to induce the dynamic disaster under the action of static and dynamic load. Through theoretical analysis, it is concluded that the dynamic disasters induced by residual coal pillars are mainly as follows: a. The horizontal stress concentration caused by the coal pillar clamping between the top and the floor leads to the increase of the shear stress, which makes the coal pillar prone to shear failure. The existence of coal pillar increases the internal stress of intermediate rock pillar in coal bed B3-6 and coal bed B1-2, and there is a positive correlation between the internal stress of coal pillar and the weight of rock pillar, the horizontal stress Q _ 0 and the height of coal pillar section h _ 0. In the direction of strike, the coal pillar is affected by the mining movement of the working face, and the internal concentrated stress of the pillar and the leading supporting stress of the working face are superimposed on each other, which makes the stress in the front of the working face increase greatly in the dangerous range of the residual pillar. By using numerical simulation to analyze the change of internal stress of coal pillar without the influence of mining movement and mining movement, it is concluded that the stress at the top of the support in front of the residual coal pillar at 60 ~ 120 m and 0 ~ 60 ~ 60 m in front of the residual coal pillar has obvious zonation characteristics. The stress is stable at 60m, stress transition is 60m, and stress superposition is 60m. The stress concentration is obvious in the stress transition area and the stress superposition area, and the dynamic disaster is easily induced by the influence of mining. By arranging fan water injection, blasting hole in Shimen, advanced blasting hole in high stage in 495B3 lane, normal pre splitting water injection, blasting hole, pre splitting water injection in rock column, blasting hole and deep roof hole in pre splitting blasting hole. Fully release the pressure to the dangerous area of coal pillar, realize the safety of working face and pass through the dangerous area of residual coal pillar efficiently. This study is of guiding significance for the safety and high efficiency mining and the control of rock pillar stability in the face of steep and thick coal seam.
【學位授予單位】：西安科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD355

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