本文選題：覆巖離層 + 有限元程序�。� 參考：《西南科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在地下巖體工程中,頂板離層的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)育直至垮落是采空區(qū)災(zāi)害的一個重要成因。頂板離層是地應(yīng)力、圍巖力學性質(zhì)、圍巖體結(jié)構(gòu)及巷道斷面等因素綜合作用的外在表現(xiàn)。因此,研究頂板離層破壞現(xiàn)象對優(yōu)化巷道支護結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和施工等工程具有重要的理論意義和工程實用價值。本文研究地下巖體工程頂板離層發(fā)育過程,探討發(fā)育離層現(xiàn)象的規(guī)律。主要介紹了離層產(chǎn)生的機理,張開型裂紋型尖端的應(yīng)力場和位移場,裂紋失穩(wěn)擴展等相關(guān)理論,以巖石受拉破壞理論和經(jīng)典斷裂力學理論為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合巖石拉張破裂的判據(jù),建立有限元模型,分析模擬頂板離層拉張破裂的結(jié)果。本文所建立的模擬方法是使裂紋從單元內(nèi)部開裂,嚴格沿著破裂點主應(yīng)力方向?qū)⒅車嚓P(guān)單元裂開,增加新的單元和節(jié)點,并且對開裂后的網(wǎng)格能自動進行形狀的優(yōu)化處理。利用本文的程序模擬張開型裂紋尖端擴展過程和純離層破壞無層內(nèi)開裂過程,并且對純層內(nèi)開裂工程簡例以及覆巖離層開裂工程簡例進行數(shù)值模擬。模擬結(jié)果表明:采空區(qū)頂板離層的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)育直至垮落的過程是應(yīng)力對巖層作用的表現(xiàn)形式,離層破壞形成不連續(xù)面后,離層周圍應(yīng)力狀態(tài)發(fā)生改變,開裂點處應(yīng)力被釋放,應(yīng)力重新分布,導致巖石裂紋進一步擴展形成二次破裂,這個過程不斷反復(fù)。形成離層的過程就是形成新結(jié)構(gòu)的過程,相應(yīng)導致應(yīng)力狀態(tài)不斷的調(diào)整和改變。利用本文所建立的程序可為地下工程頂板拉張破壞現(xiàn)象提供一種預(yù)測方法和手段。
[Abstract]:In the underground rock engineering, the roof separation is an important cause of the disaster in the goaf. The roof abscission layer is the external performance of the stress, the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock, the surrounding rock body structure and the roadway section. Therefore, the study of the roof separation failure phenomenon is the design and construction of the supporting structure of the optimized roadway. Engineering has important theoretical significance and practical value of engineering. In this paper, the development process of roof abscission layer of underground rock mass engineering is studied, and the law of development of separation phenomenon is discussed. The mechanism of abscission layer, stress field and displacement field of open type crack tip, crack propagation and other related theories are mainly introduced. Based on the theory of canonical fracture mechanics and combining the criterion of tensile fracture of rock, a finite element model is set up to analyze the result of the split tensile fracture of the simulated roof. The simulation method established in this paper is to crack the crack from the interior of the unit, to crack the surrounding phase unit strictly along the direction of the main stress of the fracture point, and to increase the new element and node. The mesh after the cracking can be automatically optimized for the shape of the crack. The program is used to simulate the expansion process of the open crack tip and the pure separation process, and the simple case of the crack engineering in the pure layer and the case of the overburden cracking engineering are numerically simulated. The simulation results show that the roof separation of the goaf is produced. The process of breeding or falling down is the form of stress on the rock formation. After the discontinuities are formed, the stress state around the separation layer changes, the stress is released at the cracking point and the stress is redistributed, which leads to the further expansion of the rock cracks to form two breaks and the process is repeated. The process of forming the separation layer is a new knot. The process of structure leads to the constant adjustment and change of stress state. The application of the program established in this paper can provide a prediction method and means for the tensile failure of the roof of the underground engineering.
【學位授予單位】：西南科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD32

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