本文選題：煤矸石 + 理化性質(zhì)��； 參考：《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：煤矸石是煤炭開(kāi)采過(guò)程中的伴生礦物,是煤礦活動(dòng)的主要固體廢物,也是我國(guó)主要的工業(yè)固體廢物。由于具有低熱值和高粘土等屬性,煤矸石被廣泛用于發(fā)電、復(fù)墾、建筑材料生產(chǎn)等。在煤矸石各種資源化利用過(guò)程中,煤矸石中的有害物質(zhì)會(huì)向周邊環(huán)境釋放,對(duì)周邊土壤、水體、動(dòng)植物和人類造成潛在影響。因此,研究煤矸石利用過(guò)程中微量元素的環(huán)境地球化學(xué)特征具有必要性和迫切性。 本次研究以淮南礦區(qū)煤矸石為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)室內(nèi)模擬和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)樣品采集相結(jié)合的方法,利用X射線熒光光譜、X射線衍射、掃描電鏡能譜、光學(xué)顯微鏡、熱重分析、傅里葉紅外光譜、電感耦合等離子體原子發(fā)射光譜和質(zhì)譜等技術(shù)手段分析和測(cè)定樣品的化學(xué)組成、礦物組成、微觀形貌、精細(xì)結(jié)構(gòu)和元素含量,結(jié)合煤化學(xué)、礦物學(xué)、元素地球化學(xué)和環(huán)境化學(xué)等交叉學(xué)科理論,對(duì)煤矸石資源化利用過(guò)程中微量元素的遷移行為、分布模式和環(huán)境效應(yīng)等科學(xué)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了研究。通過(guò)研究,主要得出： 分析了淮南礦區(qū)煤矸石的化學(xué)組成、礦物組成和微量元素特征,揭示了淮南礦物微量元素的分布規(guī)律和賦存形態(tài)；利用室內(nèi)層溫燃燒試驗(yàn),探討了煤矸石礦物結(jié)構(gòu)、微觀形貌、晶相結(jié)構(gòu)和微量元素與燃燒溫度的關(guān)系,解析了微量元素在煤矸石燃燒過(guò)程中的遷移行為；建立了煤矸石利用過(guò)程中微量元素的分配模式,結(jié)合質(zhì)量守恒原理和元素的揮發(fā)特性,將淮南煤矸石微量元素分為易揮發(fā)性元素(As、Cd、Cu、Pb、Se和Sn)、揮發(fā)性元素(Bi、Ni和Zn)和難揮發(fā)性元素(Cr、Co、Mn和V)；基于相關(guān)性分析和化學(xué)逐級(jí)提取實(shí)驗(yàn),揭示了微量元素賦存形態(tài)在煤矸石燃燒過(guò)程中的轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律；討論了煤矸石與生物質(zhì)燃燒過(guò)程中的共燃特性、動(dòng)力學(xué)特征和微量元素行為,確定了煤矸石與生物質(zhì)共燃的最優(yōu)配比；評(píng)價(jià)了煤矸石燃燒對(duì)周邊環(huán)境的影響,計(jì)算了中國(guó)制磚過(guò)程中微量元素的排放清單；豐富了煤矸石資源化利用過(guò)程中微量元素的環(huán)境地球化學(xué)理論體系,為煤矸石的深度利用和環(huán)境保護(hù)提供了理論參考和技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:Coal gangue is associated mineral in coal mining , it is the main solid waste of coal mine activity , it is the main industrial solid waste in our country . Because of its low calorific value and high clay property , coal gangue is widely used in power generation , reclamation , building material production , etc . In the process of resource utilization of coal gangue , the harmful substances in coal gangue can be released to the surrounding environment . Therefore , it is necessary and urgent to study the environmental geochemical characteristics of trace elements in coal gangue utilization .

The chemical composition , mineral composition , microstructure , fine structure and element content of samples were analyzed and measured by means of X - ray fluorescence spectrometry , X - ray diffraction , scanning electron microscope , optical microscope , thermal gravimetric analysis , Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and mass spectrometry .

The chemical composition , mineral composition and trace element characteristics of coal gangue in Huaian area are analyzed , and the distribution law and the occurrence form of trace elements in Huaian area are revealed .
In this paper , the relationship between mineral structure , microstructure , crystal structure and trace elements and combustion temperature of coal gangue is studied by means of indoor layer temperature combustion test , and the migration behavior of trace elements in the combustion process of coal gangue is analyzed .
Based on the principle of mass conservation and the volatilization characteristics of elements , the trace elements of coal gangue are divided into volatile elements ( As , Cd , Cu , Pb , Se and Sn ) , volatile elements ( Bi , Ni and Zn ) and non - volatile elements ( Cr , Co , Mn and V ) .
Based on the correlation analysis and the chemical step - by - step extraction experiment , the transformation law of trace element occurrence in the combustion process of coal gangue is revealed .
The co - combustion characteristics , kinetic characteristics and trace elements behavior of coal gangue and biomass are discussed , and the optimal proportion of coal gangue and biomass co - combustion is determined .
The influence of coal gangue combustion on the surrounding environment is evaluated , and the emission list of trace elements in Chinese brick making process is calculated .
enriches the environmental geochemical theory system of trace elements in the resource utilization process of the coal gangue , and provides theoretical reference and technical support for the deep utilization and environmental protection of the coal gangue .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X752;X142

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本文編號(hào)：1944631