本文選題：開采效應(yīng) + 穩(wěn)定性�。� 參考：《江西理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)條件下,礦石的獲取主要還是來源于地下礦體的開采。充填是處理采空區(qū)的重要手段,隨著時(shí)間的推移,充填體不斷聚集增多,難免出現(xiàn)一些難回采礦體。對(duì)井下人員安全及安全產(chǎn)生極大隱患,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益下降。本文以安慶銅礦東五采場(chǎng)為工程背景,安慶銅礦1號(hào)礦體東五采場(chǎng)周圍被充填體所包圍,是一個(gè)典型的二步驟難回采礦體。采用失穩(wěn)機(jī)理分析,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)分析及數(shù)值計(jì)算分析等手段進(jìn)行研究,對(duì)其開采效應(yīng)進(jìn)行研究,并有針對(duì)性的優(yōu)選采礦方法及跟蹤評(píng)價(jià)。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及成果如下:結(jié)合礦山的水文地質(zhì)資料及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)考察取樣,了解礦區(qū)內(nèi)的巖石屬性分類。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)取樣進(jìn)行巖石力學(xué)參數(shù)實(shí)驗(yàn),綜合胡克布朗法及經(jīng)驗(yàn)折減法對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行工程化處理,進(jìn)一步得到相應(yīng)的巖體力學(xué)參數(shù)。結(jié)合安慶銅礦東五采場(chǎng)失穩(wěn)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)情況及充填體下周邊圍巖的特殊應(yīng)力分布情況,使用冒落失穩(wěn)機(jī)理、巖爆理論及基于模糊物元巖爆傾向分析等,進(jìn)行失穩(wěn)機(jī)理研究。揭示了引起巖爆的誘因具有多樣性,其中上盤圍巖破碎,周邊充填體聚集,二次應(yīng)力集中,VCR大爆破能量釋放量級(jí)大,是導(dǎo)致巖體失穩(wěn)的主要因素。通過分析現(xiàn)有的二次應(yīng)力、位移監(jiān)測(cè)等監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)�？芍�,受往年周邊一步驟礦房回采的影響,使得安慶銅礦東五采場(chǎng)的上盤圍巖出現(xiàn)應(yīng)力集中現(xiàn)象。同時(shí)地質(zhì)雷達(dá)的探測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)表明,采場(chǎng)的上盤圍巖內(nèi)部出現(xiàn)不同程度的破碎,嚴(yán)重影響了回采的安全性。但是從總體上看,控制爆破量級(jí)及暴露空間面積,可以有效的降低失穩(wěn)現(xiàn)象發(fā)生。利用FLAC數(shù)值模擬,對(duì)開采效應(yīng)進(jìn)行研究。同時(shí)對(duì)采場(chǎng)的參數(shù)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的論證,兼顧安全與經(jīng)濟(jì)效益得出采場(chǎng)分兩步驟回采,一步驟回采寬度20m,采用膠結(jié)充填,二步驟采場(chǎng)寬度63m采用全尾砂膠結(jié)充填方案。結(jié)合理論和監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)分析的結(jié)果,針對(duì)東五采場(chǎng)被充填體包圍且上盤破碎,應(yīng)力集中等特點(diǎn),對(duì)采礦方法進(jìn)行了優(yōu)選,本著安全第一,兼顧經(jīng)濟(jì)的前提下,在上向中深孔嗣后充填、下向深孔嗣后充填及上向分層充填三種回采方法中,得出最佳回采方法為上向分層充填回采。對(duì)本采礦方法在礦山實(shí)踐進(jìn)行了跟蹤評(píng)價(jià),東五采場(chǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了安全回采,礦石回收率達(dá)到86%,礦石損失率17%,貧化率8%,且周邊充填體處于穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),沒有發(fā)生大的失穩(wěn)事件,取得了良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:Under the existing technical conditions, ore acquisition mainly comes from underground ore body mining. Filling is an important means to deal with goaf. With the passage of time the filling body is increasing and some difficult orebodies inevitably appear. It has great hidden danger to the safety and safety of underground personnel, and the economic benefit is decreased. Taking the east fifth stope of Anqing Copper Mine as the engineering background, the east fifth stope of No. 1 orebody of Anqing Copper Mine is surrounded by filling body, which is a typical two-step refractory orebody. The instability mechanism analysis, field monitoring analysis and numerical calculation analysis are used to study the mining effect. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: combined with hydrogeological data and on-site investigation and sampling, the classification of rock attributes in the mining area is understood. The rock mechanics parameters were tested by field sampling, and the corresponding rock mechanics parameters were obtained by combining Hooke Brown method and empirical reduction method to engineering the experimental data. Combined with the field situation of East five stope instability in Anqing Copper Mine and the special stress distribution of surrounding rock around the filling body, the instability mechanism is studied by using the mechanism of caving instability, the theory of rock burst and the analysis of rock burst tendency based on fuzzy matter element. It is revealed that the causes of rock burst are diverse, in which the rock mass is broken in the upper wall rock, the surrounding backfill accumulates, and the energy release of the VCR blasting is large in secondary stress concentration, which is the main factor leading to the rock mass instability. Through the analysis of the existing secondary stress, displacement monitoring and other monitoring data. It can be seen that the surrounding rock of east fifth stope of Anqing Copper Mine appears stress concentration phenomenon due to the influence of one-step mining in previous years. At the same time, the detection data of GPR show that different degree of breakage occurs in the surrounding rock of the upper face of the stope, which seriously affects the safety of the mining. But on the whole, controlling the blasting order and the exposed space area can effectively reduce the occurrence of instability. FLAC numerical simulation is used to study the mining effect. At the same time, the parameters of the stope are demonstrated in detail. It is concluded that the stope is recoverable in two steps, the stoping width is 20m in one step, the cemented filling is adopted in the first step, and the cemented filling scheme is adopted in the two-step stope width of 63m. Combined with the results of theory and monitoring data analysis, in view of the characteristics of Dongwu stope surrounded by filling body, broken upper face and stress concentration, the mining method was selected optimally. Under the premise of safety first and economic consideration, the mining method was optimized. Among the three kinds of mining methods: the subsequent filling of the upper middle deep hole, the subsequent filling of the downward deep hole and the upward stratified filling, the best mining method is the upward stratified filling. This mining method has been followed up and evaluated in the mine practice. The safe recovery rate of the ore has been achieved in Dongwu stope, the ore recovery rate has reached 86, the ore loss rate is 17, the dilution rate is 8, and the surrounding filling body is in a stable state, and there is no major unstable event. Good economic benefits have been achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD862.1

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本文編號(hào)：1942919