發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-25 07:53

  本文選題：沖擊地壓 + 預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)警��； 參考：《北方工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著礦山地下開(kāi)采的延續(xù),開(kāi)采深度不斷增加,導(dǎo)致地下采區(qū)地質(zhì)環(huán)境及開(kāi)采條件變得日益復(fù)雜,從而導(dǎo)致地壓增大并有可能誘發(fā)沖擊地壓災(zāi)害。沖擊地壓災(zāi)害不僅會(huì)帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的破壞后果,而且會(huì)造成大量的人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失,已經(jīng)成為礦山最主要的災(zāi)害問(wèn)題之一。本論文以首鋼公司杏山鐵礦地下開(kāi)采為工程實(shí)例,以理論分析為基礎(chǔ),現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)為手段,對(duì)深部開(kāi)采誘發(fā)圍巖變形與破壞特點(diǎn)、沖擊地壓預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)警技術(shù)及防控措施等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了深入研究,對(duì)深部開(kāi)采具有指導(dǎo)意義。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀的分析,總結(jié)了沖擊地壓的發(fā)生機(jī)理、預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)警方法和針對(duì)沖擊地壓的防治措施,以及沖擊地壓未來(lái)的研究方向;根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)采集到的首鋼杏山鐵礦地質(zhì)資料和開(kāi)采設(shè)計(jì)文件,從礦區(qū)地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、礦體及巖組特征以及巖石質(zhì)量分級(jí)等方面對(duì)杏山鐵礦的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造特征進(jìn)行了分析和評(píng)價(jià)。(2)結(jié)合杏山鐵礦現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的開(kāi)采方式和開(kāi)采現(xiàn)狀,選取B11勘探線剖面圖作為研究對(duì)象建立三維模型,對(duì)初始應(yīng)力場(chǎng)和-199m水平、-215m水平等十個(gè)相鄰水平進(jìn)路的分步開(kāi)挖過(guò)程進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算,通過(guò)分析進(jìn)路開(kāi)挖過(guò)程中應(yīng)力和位移的演化特征,揭示了圍巖應(yīng)力場(chǎng)和位移場(chǎng)的分布和演化規(guī)律。(3)結(jié)合杏山鐵礦各水平面水平開(kāi)采平面圖和各勘探線剖面圖,利用模擬軟件建立杏山鐵礦的三維模型,并選取-199m水平面作為研究對(duì)象,適當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)化并建立了該平面的水平開(kāi)采平面三維模型,通過(guò)模擬計(jì)算-199m水平的回采過(guò)程,揭示了礦體回采過(guò)程中圍巖應(yīng)力和位移的分布特點(diǎn),得出了應(yīng)力集中和位移變化較大的危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域,并針對(duì)危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域的分布特點(diǎn)調(diào)整了回采工序,優(yōu)化了開(kāi)采方案,有效降低了圍巖應(yīng)力集中和位移變化程度,從而減小了沖擊地壓發(fā)生的可能性。(4)總結(jié)了預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)警原理,確定了適合杏山鐵礦的預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)警方法,基于三維數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工況,對(duì)-180m水平進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)布置,提出了礦山應(yīng)力和位移雙監(jiān)測(cè)的方案,設(shè)置了應(yīng)力和位移的三級(jí)預(yù)警,對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安全生產(chǎn)有著重要的意義。(5)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)采集杏山鐵礦應(yīng)力監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),基于灰色理論建立了灰色系統(tǒng)預(yù)測(cè)的GM(2,1)模型,并依據(jù)最小二乘法對(duì)其進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),經(jīng)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證改進(jìn)后的模型預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果更為理想;利用改進(jìn)的GM(2,1)模型對(duì)聯(lián)絡(luò)巷圍巖應(yīng)力的變化趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè),指導(dǎo)安全回采。
[Abstract]:With the continuation of underground mining, the mining depth is increasing, which leads to the increasing complexity of geological environment and mining conditions in underground mining areas, which leads to the increase of ground pressure and the possibility of inducing rock burst disasters. The shock ground pressure disaster will not only bring serious damage consequences, but also cause a large number of casualties and property losses, which has become one of the most important disaster problems in mines. In this paper, the underground mining of Xingshan Iron Mine in Shougang Iron and Steel Company is taken as an engineering example, based on theoretical analysis and field monitoring, the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock induced by deep mining are studied. The prediction and early warning technology and prevention and control measures of rock burst are studied in depth, which is of guiding significance for deep mining. The main research contents are as follows: (1) based on the analysis of the current research situation at home and abroad, the occurrence mechanism, prediction and early warning methods, prevention and control measures of impact ground pressure, and the future research direction of impact ground pressure are summarized. According to the geological data and mining design documents collected from Shougang Xingshan Iron Mine on the spot, from the geological structure of the mining area, The geological and structural characteristics of Xingshan Iron Mine are analyzed and evaluated in the aspects of orebody and rock formation characteristics and rock quality classification, etc.) combined with the mining mode and present situation of Xinshan Iron Mine, the geological structure of Xingshan Iron Mine is analyzed and evaluated. Taking the B11 Prospecting Line profile as the object of study, the three-dimensional model is established, and the numerical simulation of the initial stress field and the excavation process of ten adjacent horizontal paths, such as -199m horizontal and -215m level, is carried out. By analyzing the evolution characteristics of stress and displacement during excavation, the distribution and evolution law of surrounding rock stress and displacement field are revealed. The 3D model of Xingshan Iron Mine is established by using simulation software, and the horizontal plane of -199m is chosen as the research object. The 3D model of horizontal mining plane of this plane is suitably simplified and established. The process of mining at the level of -199m is simulated and calculated. The distribution characteristics of surrounding rock stress and displacement in the mining process of orebody are revealed, and the dangerous areas where the stress concentration and displacement change greatly are obtained. According to the distribution characteristics of the dangerous areas, the mining procedure is adjusted and the mining scheme is optimized. The stress concentration and displacement change of surrounding rock are reduced effectively, and the possibility of rock burst occurrence is reduced.) the principle of prediction and early warning is summarized, and the forecasting and warning method suitable for Xingshan Iron Mine is determined. Based on the results of 3D numerical simulation and field working conditions, the monitoring points of -180m level are arranged, and the scheme of double monitoring of mine stress and displacement is put forward, and the three-level early warning of stress and displacement is set up. The stress monitoring data of Xingshan Iron Mine are collected on the spot. Based on the grey theory, the GM2C-1) model of grey system prediction is established and improved according to the least square method. The improved model is proved to be more ideal by monitoring data, and the modified GMGM2Q1) model is used to predict the change trend of surrounding rock stress in the connecting roadway to guide the safe mining.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD324

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