發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-08 18:27

  本文選題：雙介質(zhì) + 止回閥�。� 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國煤礦開采向深井方向發(fā)展,井下排水技術(shù)也日趨成熟,止回閥已成為煤礦排水系統(tǒng)中不可或缺的設(shè)備,可防止斷電等突發(fā)原因造成礦井水倒流對(duì)水泵及水錘發(fā)生附近管路的破壞,保證了作業(yè)人員的人身安全。普通止回閥關(guān)閉速度較快,水泵等設(shè)備會(huì)受到因較大壓力波動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的水錘作用而損壞;而關(guān)閉速度較慢的微阻緩閉止回閥會(huì)因礦井水中的雜質(zhì)在阻尼裝置內(nèi)堆積而失效。本文分析和研究了微阻緩閉止回閥的工作原理及問題,根據(jù)實(shí)際使用工況提出了新型止回閥的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)。經(jīng)過多次方案論證優(yōu)化,最終確定了雙介質(zhì)液動(dòng)力止回閥的設(shè)計(jì)方案,最后進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化。當(dāng)突然斷電液體倒流時(shí),該止回閥可緩慢關(guān)閉從而避免產(chǎn)生水錘,同時(shí)采用雙介質(zhì)避免排水系統(tǒng)中雜質(zhì)對(duì)緩沖裝置的堵塞。利用動(dòng)網(wǎng)格技術(shù)對(duì)止回閥的關(guān)鍵機(jī)構(gòu)—緩沖裝置進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)仿真。根據(jù)閥芯在運(yùn)動(dòng)的兩個(gè)階段有不同等效孔徑的特點(diǎn),利用離散數(shù)據(jù)的曲線擬合分別得到這兩種等效孔徑下動(dòng)態(tài)阻力與速度的關(guān)系,為研究緩沖裝置性能提供依據(jù)。結(jié)果表明動(dòng)態(tài)阻力與速度的平方成正比,阻尼孔使閥芯在運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中受到很大的阻力作用,緩沖裝置具有良好的緩沖效果。利用FLUENT軟件對(duì)止回閥內(nèi)流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,分別對(duì)離心泵正常運(yùn)行時(shí)液體正向流經(jīng)止回閥和突然斷電時(shí)液體反向流經(jīng)止回閥兩種工況下止回閥的內(nèi)流場(chǎng)分布進(jìn)行可視化分析,對(duì)止回閥的液動(dòng)力和阻力特性進(jìn)行計(jì)算,通過內(nèi)流場(chǎng)及液動(dòng)力情況可確定閥芯兩階段的開度分界點(diǎn)。仿真結(jié)果表明開度小于40%時(shí)流場(chǎng)變化較為復(fù)雜且液動(dòng)力較大,可將該開度作為兩階段的分界點(diǎn),閥芯小于該開度的范圍內(nèi)需緩慢運(yùn)動(dòng),且開度越小流阻系數(shù)越大、流量系數(shù)越小。對(duì)液體作用力下閥芯進(jìn)行流固耦合數(shù)值模擬,得到閥芯應(yīng)力與應(yīng)變發(fā)生的部位及數(shù)值,根據(jù)仿真結(jié)果對(duì)閥芯進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,達(dá)到了提高閥芯抗形變的目的。仿真表明閥芯最大總變形量出現(xiàn)在閥瓣上,過大的變形量會(huì)影響止回閥密封;較大的等效應(yīng)力出現(xiàn)在閥桿與閥體、閥桿與閥瓣的接觸部位,過大的等效應(yīng)力會(huì)使零件壓潰損壞;閥瓣結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)樯稀⑾卤砻鏋閳A弧面不僅提高了閥芯抗形變的能力,而且使內(nèi)流場(chǎng)更加平穩(wěn)。設(shè)計(jì)了一種止回閥模擬試驗(yàn)臺(tái),利用齒輪泵、容積泵兩種水泵的共同作用模擬出礦井排水系統(tǒng)揚(yáng)程大、慣性大的效果。該模擬系統(tǒng)可測(cè)試離心泵正常運(yùn)行時(shí)液體正向流動(dòng)與突然斷電時(shí)液體反向流動(dòng)兩種工況下止回閥的工作性能,并可利用多路閥對(duì)這兩種工況快速切換。該模擬試驗(yàn)臺(tái)更加符合礦井排水實(shí)際情況,對(duì)止回閥性能研究具有很大幫助。利用LMS Test Lab對(duì)自由模態(tài)下止回閥進(jìn)行測(cè)試得到結(jié)構(gòu)件頻率分布情況,為確定止回閥的擾動(dòng)頻率提供范圍。
[Abstract]:With the development of coal mining in China towards deep wells, downhole drainage technology is becoming more and more mature. Check valve has become an indispensable equipment in coal mine drainage system. It can prevent the mine water backflow from damaging the water pump and water hammer and ensure the personal safety of the workers. The ordinary check valve is closed faster, the water pump and other equipment will be damaged by the water hammer caused by the larger pressure fluctuation, while the slow stop check valve with slower closing speed will fail because of the accumulation of impurities in the damping device in the mine water. This paper analyzes and studies the working principle and problems of the micro resistance slow closing check valve and puts forward the design goal of the new type check valve according to the actual working conditions. The design scheme of double medium hydrodynamic check valve was determined after several schemes were proved and optimized. Finally, the structure design and optimization were carried out. The check valve can be closed slowly to avoid water hammer when the power is suddenly cut back, and the double medium is used to avoid the blockage of the buffer device by impurities in the drainage system. The dynamic simulation of the key mechanism of the check valve, the buffer device, is carried out by using the dynamic grid technology. According to the characteristic that the spool has different equivalent aperture in the two stages of movement, the relationship between the dynamic resistance and the velocity under the two kinds of equivalent aperture is obtained by using the curve fitting of the discrete data, which provides the basis for the study of the performance of the buffer device. The results show that the dynamic resistance is proportional to the square of the velocity, the damping hole makes the valve core suffer great resistance in the course of movement, and the buffer device has a good buffering effect. The internal flow field of check valve is simulated by FLUENT software, and the flow field distribution of check valve is visualized under the normal operation of centrifugal pump and the reverse flow of liquid flow through check valve during the sudden power failure. The hydraulic and resistance characteristics of the check valve are calculated. The opening and boundary point of the two stages of the valve core can be determined by the internal flow field and the hydrodynamic condition. The simulation results show that when the opening is less than 40, the variation of the flow field is more complicated and the fluid power is larger. The opening can be regarded as the boundary point of the two stages. The valve core needs to move slowly when the opening is smaller than the opening, and the flow resistance coefficient of the smaller the opening is, the greater the flow resistance coefficient is. The flow coefficient is smaller. The fluid-solid coupling numerical simulation of the valve core under liquid force is carried out to obtain the position and value of the stress and strain of the valve core. According to the simulation results, the valve core is optimized to achieve the purpose of improving the deformation resistance of the valve core. The simulation results show that the maximum total deformation of the spool appears on the disc, the excessive deformation will affect the seal of the check valve, the larger equivalent stress appears in the stem and body, the contact position between the stem and the valve disc, and the excessive equivalent stress will make the parts crumble and damage. The disc structure becomes upper and the lower surface is circular surface which not only improves the ability of the spool to resist deformation but also makes the inner flow field more stable. A kind of simulative test bed of check valve is designed. The combined action of gear pump and volumetric pump is used to simulate the effect of large lift and large inertia of mine drainage system. The simulation system can test the performance of the check valve under the two working conditions of the liquid forward flow and the liquid reverse flow during the normal operation of the centrifugal pump and the reverse flow of the liquid during the sudden power failure, and can quickly switch between the two conditions by using the multi-way valve. The simulation test bench is more suitable for mine drainage, and it is helpful to study the performance of check valve. LMS Test Lab is used to test the check valve in free mode to obtain the frequency distribution of the structural parts, which provides a range for determining the disturbance frequency of the check valve.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD442

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