本文選題：博卡金礦床 + 地球化學(xué)��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：云南博卡金礦床是川滇黔多金屬成礦區(qū)域內(nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)的大型礦床。大地構(gòu)造位置處于揚(yáng)子地臺西緣康滇地軸云南段北端,礦床賦存于元古界昆陽群地層中。因此研究博卡金礦床對于礦區(qū)外圍找礦具有十分重要的意義。在對成礦地質(zhì)背景、礦床地質(zhì)特征、金礦地球化學(xué)特征、流體包裹體特征分析的基礎(chǔ)上,開展了博卡金礦床成礦物質(zhì)來源、礦床成因、成礦模式等方面的研究。主要取得了以下的認(rèn)識:(1)博卡金礦床位于揚(yáng)子地臺西緣,礦區(qū)內(nèi)出露地層主要為中元古界昆陽群,礦區(qū)主要賦礦層位為因民組、落雪組和黑山組。含礦層位主要集中在淺變質(zhì)巖系中,主要為各種蝕變構(gòu)造角礫巖、含碳質(zhì)粉砂巖和碳質(zhì)板巖;礦石主要以石英脈型和黃鐵礦型為主;圍巖蝕變分布于剪切破碎帶內(nèi),蝕變類型主要有:硅化、鈉長石化、黃鐵礦化、碳酸鹽化、褐鐵礦化、綠簾石化、孔雀石化和綠泥石化等,硅化、黃鐵礦化和碳酸鹽化是礦床熱液蝕變的最佳組合。(2)對博卡金礦床巖漿巖常量元素地球化學(xué)特征、微量元素和稀土元素地球化學(xué)特征進(jìn)行的研究,表明巖漿巖屬于硅酸不飽和類的堿性輝長巖-堿性玄武巖類(SiO2含量為43.24%~52.05%,?為43.24%~52.05%,AR為1.14%~1.83%)。巖石LREE/HREE為0.34~3.62,輕稀土元素富集。?Ce的值為0.61~0.94,Ce異常不明顯,?Eu為0.67~1.03,表現(xiàn)出弱負(fù)異常。微量元素與稀土元素特征表明巖漿在成巖演化過程受到地殼物質(zhì)的同化混染,礦區(qū)的構(gòu)造環(huán)境屬于板內(nèi)玄武巖區(qū)域。(3)石英微量元素和稀土元素地球化學(xué)特征表明石英具有不同期次的特性,流體可能為同一流體體系不同階段的產(chǎn)物,且早期階段流體溫度高于晚期階段。對方解石微量元素和稀土元素地球化學(xué)特征的研究表明方解石為熱液流體形成。因此,博卡金礦床屬于熱液成因礦床。(4)通過對博卡礦床石英的氫氧同位素、氦氬同位素、流體包裹體特征分析,得出博卡金礦的成礦流體具有上地幔和地殼混合流體的特征,同時也是變質(zhì)熱液與大氣降水的混合流體。石英流體包裹體成分分析表明成礦流體由高溫、高鹽度向低溫、低鹽度方向演化。金屬硫化物的硫鉛同位素表明成礦物質(zhì)來源復(fù)雜,主要來源于上地幔,受到賦礦圍巖(輝綠巖或碳質(zhì)板巖)的影響,同時也受到其他來源的影響。(5)綜合前人對博卡金礦成礦年代學(xué)研究,博卡金礦成礦年齡在40~59Ma,表明博卡金礦形成于古新世至始新世早期。喜馬拉雅期的構(gòu)造和熱液作用對成礦的影響較大。(6)結(jié)合本區(qū)礦床地質(zhì)特征、巖石地球化學(xué)特征、流體包裹體特征,以及對其成礦地質(zhì)條件、成礦物質(zhì)來源、成礦時代和成礦作用的分析,認(rèn)為博卡金礦床受脆韌型剪切帶控制,同時與變質(zhì)熱液流體作用有關(guān)的中低溫?zé)嵋盒偷V床。
[Abstract]:The Boka gold deposit in Yunnan is a large deposit found in the polymetallic metallogenic region of Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou. The tectonic position is located at the northern end of the Yunnan section of the Kang Dian axis of the western margin of the Yangtze platform. The deposit is located in the Kun Yang group of the Proterozoic. Therefore, the study of the Boka gold deposit is of ten important significance for the prospecting in the periphery of the mining area. Based on the geological features of the bed, geochemical characteristics of gold deposits and characteristics of fluid inclusions, the origin of ore forming minerals in the Boka gold deposit, the genesis of the deposit and the metallogenic model have been studied. (1) the Boka gold deposit is located on the western margin of the Yangtze platform, and the outcropping strata in the mining area are mainly in the Middle Proterozoic Kunyang group and the mine. The main ore bearing strata in the area are the people's group, the snowfall group and the Heishan formation. The ore bearing strata are mainly concentrated in the metamorphic rock series, mainly a variety of altered tectonic breccia, carbonaceous siltstone and carbonaceous slate, mainly quartz vein type and pyrite type, and the rock alteration is distributed in the shear fracture zone, and the alteration types are mainly silicification and sodium long. Fossilization, pyrite mineralization, carbonation, browning, epidochemistry, peacock petrifaction, and green mud petrochemistry, silicification, pyrite mineralization and carbonation are the best combinations of hydrothermal alteration in the deposit. (2) the geochemical characteristics of the permanent elements of magmatic rocks, trace elements and rare earth elements in the Boka gold deposit indicate that magmatic rocks The basic gabbro - alkaline basalt (SiO2 content is 43.24%~52.05%, 43.24%~52.05%, AR 1.14%~1.83%). The rock LREE/HREE is 0.34~3.62, the light rare earth element is enriched. The value of the Ce is 0.61~0.94, the Ce abnormality is not obvious, and the Eu is 0.67~1.03, showing the weak negative anomaly. The characteristics of trace elements and rare earth elements indicate magma. The tectonic setting of the mining area belongs to the intraplate basalt region. (3) the geochemical characteristics of the quartz trace elements and rare earth elements indicate that the quartz has the characteristics of different stages, and the fluid may be the product of the different stages of the same fluid system, and the fluid temperature in the early stage is higher than that in the late stage. The study of the geochemical characteristics of trace elements and rare earth elements shows that calcite is a hydrothermal fluid. Therefore, the Boka gold deposit is a hydrothermal ore deposit. (4) through the analysis of the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, the helium and argon isotopes and the fluid inclusions in the quartz of the Boka deposit, the ore-forming fluid of the Boka gold deposit has the upper mantle and the earth. The analysis of the composition of quartz fluid inclusions indicates that the ore-forming fluid is evolved from high temperature, high salinity to low temperature and low salinity. The sulfur and lead isotopes of metallic sulphides indicate that the source of metallogenic material is complex, mainly from the upper mantle and the surrounding rock (Hui Lvyan). The influence of the carbonaceous slate is also influenced by other sources. (5) the age of the Boka gold mineralization is 40~59Ma, which indicates that the Boka gold deposit was formed in the Paleocene to the early Eocene in the Boka gold mineralization. (6) combined with the geological characteristics of the deposit in this area, the Himalaya period has a great influence on the mineralization. The characteristics of rock geochemistry, fluid inclusions, and analysis of its metallogenic geological conditions, source of metallogenic material, metallogenic epoch and mineralization are considered to be controlled by the brittle ductile shear zone of the Boka gold deposit and the medium and low temperature hydrothermal deposit related to the action of the metamorphic hydrothermal fluid.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P618.51

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