本文選題：易自燃特厚煤層 + 綜放開采�。� 參考：《西安科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：綜采放頂煤開采方法的推廣應用,在給煤礦帶來工作面高產(chǎn)高效的同時,也給易自燃特厚煤層自燃火災的防治帶來了嚴峻的考驗。特別是在易自燃特厚煤層開采中,采空區(qū)往往留有大量的松散遺煤,頂板冒落程度大,漏風嚴重,使得遺煤很容易與漏風流中的氧氣發(fā)生氧化反應,從而導致采空區(qū)自燃火災的發(fā)生,嚴重威脅礦工的生命安全和煤礦的安全生產(chǎn)。本文以秦源煤礦N105綜放工作面為工程背景,根據(jù)N105工作面的CO濃度變化,分析了 N105工作面的自然發(fā)火過程和火區(qū)情況。確定了以高分子膠體和液態(tài)CO2滅火技術為主的降溫措施,以注氮、注液態(tài)CO2為主的降氧措施,以高分子膠體隔離為主的堵漏措施,并采用封閉火區(qū),通過措施巷向采空區(qū)開展防滅火工作的整體思路。采集秦源煤礦N105工作面煤樣,分別用高分子膠體材料、N2和CO2對煤樣進行處理,然后進行程序升溫實驗,分析得出:N2對低溫階段烷烯烴生成的惰化效果明顯;C02對高溫階段耗氧速率、CO的產(chǎn)生惰化效果更明顯;整體對比而言,高分子膠體對于抑制CO、耗氧速率及烷烯烴的產(chǎn)生效果更加明顯。在正常生產(chǎn)期間,對N105工作面的自然發(fā)火進行了“三帶”觀測,得出工作面架后采空區(qū)15m范圍內(nèi)為散熱帶,15～60m范圍為氧化升溫帶,60m以上為窒息帶。結合周邊煤礦的自然發(fā)火資料和采煤工藝,得出進、回風側(cè)臨近20m內(nèi)、壓裂的煤柱、廢棄的鉆孔、“兩道”和“兩線”五處為自燃危險區(qū)域和防滅火工作的重點,為N105工作面火區(qū)啟封后恢復生產(chǎn)期間的防滅火工作提供了參考。綜合程序升溫實驗和現(xiàn)場自燃“三帶”劃分,確定了合理的注氮位置、邁步式注氮間距以及N105工作面火區(qū)治理具體方案。通過對該工作面火區(qū)的治理,驗證了液態(tài)C02和高分子膠體的降溫性能,并驗證了高分子膠體的阻化和堵漏效果。實際工程證明,對于大范圍高溫火區(qū),高分子膠體和液態(tài)CO2技術具有很好的降溫效果,對于同類大范圍高溫火區(qū)提供了寶貴的經(jīng)驗。
[Abstract]:The popularization and application of fully mechanized caving coal mining method not only bring high yield and high efficiency to the coal face, but also bring severe test to the prevention and control of spontaneous combustion fire in the very thick coal seam easily spontaneous combustion. Especially in the easy spontaneous combustion of extra thick coal seam, the goaf often leaves a large amount of loose coal, the roof caving degree is large, and the air leakage is serious, which makes the residual coal easily oxidize with oxygen in the leaking air flow. Therefore, the spontaneous combustion fire in goaf will seriously threaten the safety of miners and the safety of coal mine production. Taking N105 fully mechanized caving face of Qinyuan Coal Mine as the engineering background, according to the change of CO concentration in N105 face, the spontaneous combustion process and fire area of N105 face are analyzed in this paper. The main cooling measures are polymer colloid and liquid CO2 fire extinguishing technology, the oxygen reducing measures are nitrogen injection, liquid CO2 is injected, the leakage plugging measure is polymer colloid isolation, and the fire area is closed. The whole train of thought of preventing and extinguishing fire in goaf through measure roadway. Coal samples from N105 face of Qinyuan Coal Mine were collected and treated with polymer colloidal materials such as N _ 2 and CO2 respectively, and then programmed heating experiments were carried out. The results show that the inerting effect of N _ 2 on alkene formation at low temperature is more obvious than that of CO at oxygen consumption rate at high temperature. The effect of polymer colloid on the inhibition of CO, oxygen consumption rate and alkenes production is more obvious. During normal production, the "three zones" of spontaneous combustion in N105 working face were observed, and it was concluded that the heat dissipation zone 1560 m in the goaf behind the frame of the working face is above 60 m in the oxidized heating zone and the asphyxiation zone is above 60 m. Combining with the spontaneous combustion data and coal mining technology of surrounding coal mines, it is concluded that the entry, return air side near 20 m, fractured coal pillar, abandoned borehole, "two channels" and "two lines" are the key points of the self-ignition dangerous area and the fire prevention and extinguishing work. It provides a reference for the fire prevention and fire extinguishing work during the period of recovery production after the fire area of N105 face is unsealed. By synthesizing the temperature programmed experiment and the division of "three zones" on site spontaneous combustion, the reasonable nitrogen injection position, the step type nitrogen injection distance and the concrete scheme of fire area control in N105 face are determined. The cooling performance of liquid CO2 and polymer colloid was verified by controlling the fire area of the working face, and the effect of blocking and plugging leakage of polymer colloid was also verified. It is proved by practical engineering that polymer colloid and liquid CO2 technology have good cooling effect for large scale high temperature fire zone and provide valuable experience for similar large range high temperature fire zone.
【學位授予單位】：西安科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD752.2

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