本文選題：超高水材料 + 鋁酸鹽水泥��； 參考：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：超高水材料充填開(kāi)采是目前廣泛應(yīng)用的一種充填開(kāi)采方法,所用超高水材料主要為硫鋁酸鹽基材料,材料來(lái)源較為單一。本文以鋁酸鹽類膠凝材料為基礎(chǔ)原料,進(jìn)行超高水材料研究,以拓展超高水材料的原料來(lái)源。通過(guò)均勻配方設(shè)計(jì)研究各主要原料(鋁酸鹽水泥、石膏、石灰)配比。結(jié)果表明:鋁酸鹽水泥的含量對(duì)混合材料有顯著的影響,當(dāng)其含量在50%-90%,石膏和石灰的量大于5%能夠達(dá)到初凝狀態(tài)。固定石膏石灰的比例,調(diào)節(jié)鋁酸鹽水泥的用量,或固定鋁酸鹽水泥用量,調(diào)節(jié)石膏和石灰用量均能達(dá)到水固比較高的材料配比。本文對(duì)材料的種類及相關(guān)影響因素進(jìn)行了研究,發(fā)現(xiàn):鋁酸鹽水泥中有效成分、天然石膏種類、石膏粒徑分布、水溫對(duì)混合材料的初凝時(shí)間有顯著的影響。混合材料中鋁酸鹽水泥的含量與其有效物質(zhì)CA和CA2的含量有關(guān)。相同條件下,CA和CA2的含量越高,鋁酸鹽水泥在配比中含量越少。天然石膏中,A石膏比B石膏效果好。石膏粒徑分布對(duì)材料的混合配比無(wú)影響,但對(duì)初凝時(shí)間有一定影響。石膏粒徑越細(xì),混合材料的初凝時(shí)間越小。水溫越接近環(huán)境溫度,混合材料的初凝時(shí)間越短。本文著重考察了速凝劑對(duì)材料初凝時(shí)間的影響。通過(guò)對(duì)28種外加劑篩選比對(duì),發(fā)現(xiàn)其中的兩種(2號(hào)和8號(hào))對(duì)混合材料有顯著影響,其最佳摻量分別為4%和4.8%。研究表明:外加劑的陰離子半徑越小、價(jià)態(tài)越高,其混合材料的初凝時(shí)間越小。同時(shí)不同來(lái)源的同類外加劑對(duì)混合材料的初凝時(shí)間有不同的影響,但對(duì)最佳摻量無(wú)影響。此外,外加劑的摻加方式對(duì)混合材料的初凝時(shí)間及抗壓強(qiáng)度也有顯著的影響。通過(guò)以上研究,最終制得水固比可達(dá)10:1(水體積份額達(dá)96%以上)的超高水材料。最佳條件下,在水固比分別為10:1、8:1、6:1時(shí),材料7d強(qiáng)度可分別達(dá)到0.19MPa、0.31MPa和0.53MPa,強(qiáng)度上達(dá)到超高水材料要求。最后,本文對(duì)形成的超高水材料的抗壓強(qiáng)度、表觀黏度、抗風(fēng)化性能進(jìn)行了分析測(cè)試。結(jié)果表明:形成的材料固結(jié)體強(qiáng)度及黏度變化能夠滿足超高水材料的要求,材料的抗風(fēng)化性能與硫鋁酸鹽基超高水材料類似,較易風(fēng)化。材料固結(jié)體具有早強(qiáng)、快硬的特點(diǎn),1d強(qiáng)度可達(dá)最終強(qiáng)度的75%以上。后期抗壓強(qiáng)度隨時(shí)間的增加而增加,但增長(zhǎng)速率減小,7d后抗壓強(qiáng)度基本穩(wěn)定�；旌喜牧蠁螡{黏度隨水固比及時(shí)間變化不大,能夠滿足工業(yè)上對(duì)超高水材料管道輸送的要求�；鞚{黏度隨時(shí)間變化較大。起初,黏度先線性增加,在達(dá)到初凝時(shí)間時(shí)材料黏度瞬間增大。研究表明,用鋁酸鹽基材料制備超高水材料是可行的。
[Abstract]:Filling mining with ultra-high water material is a kind of filling mining method widely used at present. The superhigh water material used is mainly sulphoaluminate base material, and the material source is relatively single. In this paper, based on aluminate cementitious materials, ultrahigh water materials are studied in order to expand the sources of super high water materials. The proportion of main raw materials (aluminate cement, gypsum, lime) was studied by uniform formula design. The results show that the content of aluminate cement has a significant effect on the mixed material. When the content of aluminate cement is between 50 and 90, the amount of gypsum and lime can reach the initial setting state when the content of gypsum and lime is more than 5%. The ratio of gypsum to lime, the amount of aluminate cement or the amount of aluminate cement, the ratio of gypsum and lime can reach the high ratio of water and solid. In this paper, the kinds of materials and related factors are studied. It is found that the effective composition of aluminate cement, the type of natural gypsum, the size distribution of gypsum and the water temperature have a significant effect on the initial setting time of the mixed material. The content of aluminate cement is related to the contents of CA and CA2. Under the same conditions, the higher the content of CA and CA2, the less the content of aluminate cement in the ratio. A gypsum in natural gypsum is better than B gypsum. The size distribution of gypsum has no effect on the mixing ratio of the material, but it has a certain effect on the initial setting time. The finer the particle size of gypsum, the smaller the initial setting time. The closer the water temperature is to the ambient temperature, the shorter the initial setting time is. In this paper, the effect of accelerator on the initial setting time of materials was investigated. Through the screening and comparison of 28 admixtures, it was found that two of them (No. 2 and No. 8) had a significant effect on the mixed materials, and the optimum admixtures were 4% and 4.8%, respectively. The results show that the smaller the anionic radius and the higher the valence, the smaller the initial setting time of the admixture. At the same time, the same admixtures from different sources have different effects on the initial setting time of the mixed materials, but have no effect on the optimum dosage. In addition, the addition of admixture also has a significant effect on the initial setting time and compressive strength of the mixed material. Through the above research, the super high water material with water solid ratio up to 10: 1 (water volume fraction above 96%) was obtained. Under the optimum conditions, when the water / solid ratio is 10: 1 / 8: 1: 6: 1, the 7d strength of the material can reach 0.19 MPA and 0.53 MPA, respectively, and the strength can reach the requirement of ultra-high water material. Finally, the compressive strength, apparent viscosity and weathering resistance of the ultra-high water materials are analyzed and tested. The results show that the strength and viscosity of the formed materials can meet the requirements of ultra-high water materials, and the weathering resistance of the materials is similar to that of sulphoaluminate based ultra-high water materials, and is easy to be weathered. The strength of the consolidation body is over 75% of the final strength in 1 d due to its early strength and fast hardening. The compressive strength of the later stage increases with the increase of time, but the compressive strength is basically stable after the decrease of the growth rate for 7 days. The single slurry viscosity of the mixed material has little change with the water / solid ratio and time, which can meet the industrial requirements for the pipeline transportation of ultra-high water materials. The viscosity of slurry varies greatly with time. At first, the viscosity increases linearly, and the viscosity increases instantly when the initial setting time is reached. The results show that it is feasible to prepare super-high-water materials from aluminate-based materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD823.7

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